临时息地划分和同源物之间的资源竞争:测试河口的密度依赖生长和死亡率
Robert P Dunn1,2, Matthew E Kimball2, Bruce W Pfirrmann2
1North Inlet-Winyah Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Georgetown, SC, United States of America.
PloS one
|December 27, 2024
概括
密度依赖的过程影响棕 (Penaeus aztecus) 和白 (Penaeus setiferus) 在河口的生长和生存. 种类相互作用和密度会影响的人口统计,较小的的死亡率更高.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 渔业 科学 渔业 科学
- 人口动态 人口动态
背景情况:
- 密切相关的物种经常通过息地分割共存,但密度依赖 (D-D) 过程仍然会影响人口统计率,特别是在息地使用重叠的时期.
- 两种同源的类,棕 (Penaeus aztecus) 和白 (Penaeus setiferus),利用美国东南部的河口,表现出时间分区和苗圃息地重叠的时期.
- 在这些生态和经济上重要的种群上, intra-和 inter-specific 竞争和其他生物相互作用的影响仍然未被充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了记录幼儿园息地,在盐沼口使用棕和白的图案.
- 实验性地研究同类和同源密度以及物种比例对这些物种生长和死亡率的影响.
- 了解密度依赖如何影响幼儿园息地占用不同阶段的人口统计率.
主要方法:
- 现场观测记录了棕和白的时间和空间育儿息地使用情况.
- 三个实验室实验模拟了不同的幼儿园息地阶段:只有棕,棕和白重叠,只有白.
- 保持在生态相关的密度 (12.5-37.5 m-2),并标记以监测生长 (长度,质量) 和死亡率.
主要成果:
- 在物种之间以及在生长和死亡指标之间观察到不同程度的密度依赖.
- 其他物种的存在显著影响了棕和白的生长和死亡率.
- 身体大小是两种物种死亡率的关键预测因素,较小的个体表现出更高的死亡概率.
结论:
- 密度依赖的过程可以显著影响棕和白在河口幼儿园居住期间的人口统计率.
- 密度依赖的影响在物种之间有所不同,并受到每种物种相对比例的影响.
- 环境变化可能会对人口统计率产生不同的影响,这突显了这些商业重要的生物相互作用和环境因素的复杂相互作用.
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