在患有多发性骨髓瘤和中枢神经系统干扰的患者中,BCMA导向的CAR T细胞治疗
Mahmoud R Gaballa1, Omar Castaneda Puglianini2, Adam Cohen3
1Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
Blood advances
|December 27, 2024
概括
化学抗原受体T细胞 (CAR-T) 疗法对多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 具有中枢神经系统 (CNS) 参与,显示出高响应率和可管理的安全性的承诺. 在这些具有挑战性的情况下,优化CAR-T前治疗可能会改善结果.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 与中枢神经系统 (CNS) 相关的复发性或耐药性多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 是一个重大的临床挑战.
- 针对B细胞成熟抗原 (BCMA) 导向的化学抗原受体T细胞 (CAR-T) 疗法已成为MM的有前途治疗方法.
- 在患有与中枢神经系统并发性干扰的患者中,CAR-T疗法的疗效和安全性在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 评估BCMA指导的CAR-T治疗在患有复发或耐药MM和中枢神经系统干扰的患者中的安全性和有效性.
- 评估该患者群体的应答率,包括中枢神经系统应答,以及生存结果.
- 确定影响治疗结果的潜在因素,并探索CAR-T前治疗的作用.
主要方法:
- 一组10名患有复发性/耐药性MM和证实中枢神经系统参与的患者接受了idecabtagene vicleucel或ciltacabtagene autoleucel.
- 患者通过MRI和/或CSF分析进行了中枢神经系统参与的查.
- 在CAR-T输液注入之前,已给七名患者进行过桥疗法.
主要成果:
- 卡特-T疗法显示出高的整体响应率80%和100%的中枢神经系统响应率.
- 没有观察到≥3级细胞因子释放综合征;10%的人经历了3级免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性综合征 (ICANS).
- 在CAR-T治疗前诊断的患者中,总生存时间和无进展生存时间 (PFS) 的中位数分别为13.3个月和6.3个月.
结论:
- 针对BCMA的CAR-T疗法是MM和中枢神经系统参与的患者的安全和可行的治疗选择.
- 该研究强调了在高风险患者接受CAR-T治疗之前对中枢神经系统参与的查的重要性.
- 虽然最初的反应令人鼓舞,但相对较短的PFS表明需要在CAR-T后进行维护策略,并在更大的队列中进行进一步调查.
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