了解文本生成的途径:从幼儿园到一年级的执行功能,口头语言和转录技能的纵向研究
Juan E Jiménez1, Jennifer Balade1, Eduardo García1
1The University Institute of Neuroscience (IUNE), Universidad de La Laguna, The Canary Islands, La Laguna, Spain.
PloS one
|December 27, 2024
概括
西班牙语儿童的早期写作技巧表明,转录和执行功能预测了生产力. 口语和转录提高了写作质量,而口语和执行功能提高了语法复杂性.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 了解写作发展的早期预测因素对于教育干预至关重要.
- "写作不那么简单的观点"模型为检查写作组件提供了一个框架.
- 西班牙语的拼写很浅,为学习写作能力提供了一个独特的环境.
研究的目的:
- 调查转录技巧,口语和执行功能对一年级书面制作的纵向贡献.
- 分析这些基础技能对写作的不同维度的影响:生产力,质量和语法复杂性.
- 测试结构方程模型 (SEM) 以阐明幼儿园预测因子与1年级写作结果之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 纵向研究设计与191名西班牙语幼儿园学生.
- 结构方程建模 (SEM) 用于分析预测关系.
- 在幼儿园评估转录技能,口头语言 (叙事能力) 和执行功能.
- 在第一年级的书面生产 (生产力,质量,语法复杂性) 的评估.
主要成果:
- 转录技能和执行功能显著预测了写作生产力.
- 写作技巧和叙事口头能力都与更高的写作质量有关.
- 叙述性口头能力和执行功能是对语法复杂性的主要影响.
- SEM模型显示出很好的合适性,支持拟议的关系.
结论:
- 早期的转录技巧,口头语言熟练程度和执行功能对于开发西班牙语儿童书面制作的不同方面至关重要.
- 调查结果与"写作不那么简单的观点"一致,适用于浅层拼写.
- 结果强调了针对这些基础技能在双语学习者早期识字指导中的重要性.
相关概念视频
01:26Longitudinal Studies
80
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
80
02:20Longitudinal Research
11.8K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
11.8K
01:30Information Processing Approach
13
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
13
01:22Language Development
275
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
275
01:27Language and Cognition
276
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
276