过程跟踪在健康研究中是如何应用的? 一个系统的范围审查审查
Rebecca Johnson1, Derek Beach2, Hareth Al-Janabi1
1Health Economics Unit, Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, UK.
过程追踪是健康研究案例研究中因果分析的灵活方法. 最佳实践包括明确的机械理论,证据的联系和分析反事实,以获得可靠的发现.
科学领域:
- 卫生政策研究 卫生政策研究
- 应用健康科学 应用健康科学
- 因果推理方法 因果推理方法
背景情况:
- 复杂的卫生系统研究经常使用国家一级的案例研究.
- 流程追踪是一种政策研究方法,在案例研究中提供灵活的因果分析.
- 它的应用在应用健康研究中越来越多.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查在健康研究中的过程追踪的使用.
- 确定如何应用和报告过程跟踪方法.
- 为最佳实践提供见解和建议.
主要方法:
- 使用过程追踪对应用健康研究的系统范围审查.
- 分析了2011年至2023年间发表的84项研究.
- 基于方法描述的研究分类 (大或小).
主要成果:
- 大多数研究集中在公共卫生和卫生政策上,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家.
- 在19项更详细的方法研究中,有8项表明了良好实践.
- 关键的良好实践包括明确的机制理论,将经验数据联系起来,明确的因果机制追踪和反事实分析.
结论:
- 过程追踪在健康研究中迅速被采用,用于理论生成和理解因果机制.
- 提供了建议,以加强未来过程追踪研究的进行和报告.
- 该方法支持在复杂的健康研究环境中更好地理解因果关系.
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