调查工作状态变化对韩国中年和老年人身体活动和非传染性疾病的影响:从纵向小组研究的见解
Jeong-Hui Park1, Ju-Pil Choe2, Jisu Kim3
1Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
BMC public health
|December 28, 2024
概括
职业转型会影响老年人的体力活动和非传染性疾病 (NCD) 风险. 工作或返回工作减少了身体不活动,但增加了心血管疾病,糖尿病,癌症和呼吸道疾病的风险.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 构成了全球健康的重大负担.
- 职业地位是NCD发展的关键决定因素,但时间关系的研究不足.
- 现有研究经常将当前就业与特定疾病联系起来,忽视了就业状况的动态变化.
研究的目的:
- 分析工作状态的变化,非传染性疾病和体力活动 (PA) 之间的复杂关系.
- 为了在韩国中年和老年人群中调查这些关联.
- 采用纵向面板研究设计进行全面的时间分析.
主要方法:
- 利用来自韩国老龄化纵向研究 (2006-2020) 的纵向数据.
- 分析了5101名45岁以上的参与者,平均随访时间为10年.
- 分类工作状态变化 (持续就业,就业到非就业,非就业到就业,持续非就业) 和PA水平 (<150分钟/周对≥150分钟/周).
- 采用随机效应的多项逻辑回归,调整年龄,性别和教育等混因素.
主要成果:
- 工作过渡 (当前或就业) 与身体不活动的风险降低有关.
- 持续的就业和就业过渡增加了心血管疾病,糖尿病,癌症和慢性呼吸道疾病的风险.
- 具体调整的相对风险比率 (RRR) 表明,在不同工作状态变化中,各种非传染性疾病存在显著的关联.
结论:
- 进入或过渡到就业与较低的体力活动水平有关.
- 具有任何工作经验的个人,包括过渡或持续就业,与没有工作经验的人相比,面临更高的NCD脆弱性.
- 纵向分析强调了工作状态对体力活动和老年人NCD风险的双重影响.
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