慢性高氧引起的呼吸系统可塑性 在幼鼠和成年大鼠中
Ryan W Bavis1, Matthew D Danielson1, Gemma Dufour2
1Department of Biology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME 04240, USA.
Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
|December 28, 2024
概括
慢性高氧暴露对年轻老鼠和成年老鼠的呼吸控制有不同的影响. 虽然青少年可能会低通风,但这两个年龄组在高氧后表现出增强的低氧呼吸反应 (HVR),表明年龄特定的呼吸系统可塑性.
科学领域:
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 呼吸系统控制 呼吸系统控制
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 早期发育的慢性高氧症会损害呼吸,并减弱低氧呼吸反应 (HVR).
- 慢性中度高氧对青少年和成年哺乳动物呼吸控制的影响尚不清楚.
- 了解年龄相关的呼吸系统可塑性对于管理涉及氧气水平变化的情况至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查慢性中度高氧对青少年和成年大鼠呼吸控制的年龄特异性影响.
- 为了确定高氧化暴露是否会改变正常呼吸,低氧呼吸反应 (HVR) 和高呼吸反应 (HCVR).
- 在室内空气中恢复后,评估这些呼吸系统变化的持续性.
主要方法:
- 斯普拉格 - 达利大鼠 (幼鼠和成年人) 暴露在60%的氧气中,持续时间不同 (幼鼠7天;成年人4天和14天).
- 透气量被测量使用全身胸膜扫描立即过氧后或恢复期后.
- 评估的关键呼吸系统参数包括正常通风,HVR和HCVR,使用CO2对流要求来使代谢率正常化.
主要成果:
- 暴露于慢性过氧的幼鼠在返回室内空气时显示出低通风.
- 成年大鼠在高氧后没有表现出改变的诺莫克斯通风.
- 幼鼠和成年老鼠都在慢性高氧症后表现出增强的HVR,幼鼠的增强更大.
- 在长期高氧后,在成年大鼠中观察到增加HCVR的趋势,但在代谢率校正后,这一趋势在统计上没有显著意义.
结论:
- 慢性中度高氧症在老鼠中诱导年龄特定的呼吸系统可塑性.
- 观察到的呼吸道适应在新生儿,青少年和成年人之间有质量和持久性的差异.
- 成年大鼠在过氧后保留了呼吸系统的可塑性,但与年轻动物不同地表达了它,这表明呼吸系统控制机制的发展轨迹不同.
相关概念视频
01:23Physiological Control of Respiration
2.0K
Introduction
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
2.0K
01:31Chemical Factors Affecting Respiration Centers
1.0K
Chemical factors such as changing CO2, O2, and H+ levels in arterial blood play a critical role in influencing respiration depth and rates. These variations are detected by chemoreceptors—specialized sensors located in two primary body areas. Central chemoreceptors are found throughout the brain stem, including the ventrolateral medulla, while peripheral chemoreceptors are located in the aortic arch and carotid arteries.
CO2 has a potent influence on respiration and is strictly regulated....
CO2 has a potent influence on respiration and is strictly regulated....
1.0K
01:24Factors Affecting Respiration
4.8K
Respiration is a crucial physiological function involving exchanging oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between an organism and its environment. Various factors can impact this essential process:
4.8K
01:22Physiology of Respiration II: Neurogenic Control of Respiration
586
The neurogenic control of respiration coordinates various neural networks and pathways to regulate breathing rate and depth, meeting the body's oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange requirements. This system adapts to physiological and environmental conditions, ensuring optimal breathing patterns.
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
586
01:21Acute Respiratory Failure-II
183
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
183
01:30Alterations in Respiration II
834
There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes...
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes...
834