在社区居住的老年人中,日常活动和疑似痴呆症:一个横截面研究
Shuhan Yan1,2, Zihan Geng3, Jie Zhang3
1School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, No.19 Qixiu Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China.
BMC geriatrics
|December 28, 2024
概括
浴,穿衣和使用电话等日常活动的减少与老年人怀疑痴呆症的风险更高有关. 早期发现和诊断对于社区居住的老年人来说至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 相当数量的老年人仍然没有被诊断为痴呆症.
- 在社区中,超过一半的痴呆症状患者没有得到适当的治疗.
- 需要了解一般人群中痴呆症的早期指标.
研究的目的:
- 调查日常生活活动 (ADLs) 的下降与疑似痴呆的发病率之间的联系.
- 识别特定的日常活动,可以作为痴呆症的早期预警信号.
主要方法:
- 一个多中心,横截面调查使用了两阶段的抽样方法.
- 招募社区居住的老年人,没有先前的痴呆症诊断.
- 使用修订的哈塞加瓦痴呆症量表 (HDS-R) 评估认知功能,并评估各种日常活动;逻辑回归分析了与疑似痴呆症的关系.
主要成果:
- 对2458个人的分析显示,在多种日常活动中的困难和疑似痴呆症之间存在明显的关联.
- 所,理发,穿衣,洗,食,运输,散步,使用电话,清洁和药物管理等活动都与痴呆症风险增加有关.
- 电话使用显示出最强的关联 (OR = 3.640),其次是步行 (OR = 2.069) 和运输 (OR = 1.996),即使控制了共变量.
结论:
- 日常活动的减少显然与疑似痴呆症的发病率有关.
- 这些功能性下降甚至可以在正式的痴呆症诊断之前发生.
- 强调在社区环境中鼓励及时和准确的痴呆症查和诊断的重要性.
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