四种COVID-19查策略用于在无家可归者庇护所人口中早期识别病例:一个集群随机对照试验
Vaibhav Mokashi1, Jodi Gilchrist2,3, Nicole Smieja2
1Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
BMC infectious diseases
|December 28, 2024
概括
与无家可归者庇护所的其他方法相比,自行收集的口腔鼻 (ONS) 显示出优异的SARS-CoV-2检测和坚持. 这种方法正在研究在弱势群体中大规模实施.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病监测 传染病监测 传染病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 无家可归者庇护所是SARS-CoV-2传播的高风险环境.
- 在这些环境中,有效的监测策略对于早期检测和疫情预防至关重要.
- 不同监控方法的参与者遵守情况有很大差异.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较四个SARS-CoV-2监控策略在无家可归者庇护所的有效性.
- 评估参与者随着时间的推移遵守不同的监控方法.
- 确定在脆弱人群中检测SARS-CoV-2的最佳策略.
主要方法:
- 在11个无家可归的庇护所进行了一项开放标签,集群随机对照试验.
- 参与者接受了每日症状监测.
- 三个无症状的监测臂进行了比较:每周自收集口腔抹布 (OS),每周自收集口鼻抹布 (ONS) 和每周护士收集的鼻抹布 (NPS).
- 还包括一个仅为症状的测试臂.
主要成果:
- 在1570名参与者身上进行了9700多项测试.
- 口腔鼻 (ONS) 组发现的病例比口腔鼻 (OS) 组发现的病例多 (15).
- 自我采集方法 (ONS和OS) 与护士采集的拭子 (NPS) 相比,显示出更高的附着性和可接受性.
- 检测到三次爆发,每次有2-3例病例.
结论:
- 自我收集策略,特别是ONS,对于无家可归者庇护所的SARS-CoV-2监视来说是优越的.
- ONS表现出更好的检测率和坚持性,证明不低于或优于其他方法.
- 这项研究支持在无家可归者庇护所实施大规模自收集的ONS监控.
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