在童年后期,代理奖励处理和同行受害体验的神经相关性
Simone Dobbelaar1, Sanne Kellij2, René Veenstra3
1Developmental and Educational Psychology Department, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|December 29, 2024
概括
经历过同龄人受害的儿童对奖励的脑部反应发生了变化,他们对他人信任的态度也不同. 受害影响神经奖励处理和社会信任行为在童年后期.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会神经科学是一种社会神经科学.
背景情况:
- 同龄人受害是儿童时期的重要压力因素,具有持久的影响.
- 了解受害者社会认知的神经基础对于干预至关重要.
- 之前的研究还没有充分探讨受害,代理奖励处理和信任之间的联系.
研究的目的:
- 研究儿童中代理奖励处理背后的神经机制.
- 检查同行受害如何影响这些神经反应和随后的信任行为.
- 探索受害者经历与社会排斥期间的大脑活动之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项预先注册的研究,涉及83名儿童 (平均年龄10.6岁),具有纵向的同行受害数据.
- 在代理奖励任务中使用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI).
- 包括一个Cyberball任务来诱导社会包容/排斥和一个信任游戏来评估人际信任.
主要成果:
- 在收到个人奖励时观察到腹腔条纹体的激活.
- 在dmPFC,vmPFC和precuneus的差异激活发生在为排斥者和自己玩时.
- 较高的受害度与对个人奖励的腹部条纹体反应减少以及排斥期间dmPFC活动的改变以及信任差异化的增加相关.
结论:
- 童年同龄人受害与奖励和社会排斥的独特神经处理有关.
- 受害者的经历塑造了儿童如何处理社会奖励和感知可信度.
- 研究结果强调了欺凌对社会情感发展和神经回路的影响.
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