财务紧张部分解释了ABCD研究中父母教育的回报减少
Shervin Assari1,2,3,4, Hossein Zare5,6
1Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
概括
经济压力降低了黑人儿童的教育收益,这是青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究中观察到的模式. 减少财务压力可以帮助缩小少数民族家庭的发展差距.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 对儿童发展有积极的影响,但其好处在种族群体之间分布不均.
- 少数群体减少回报 (MDRs) 框架强调,黑人儿童从父母的教育中获得的收益比白人儿童少.
- 本研究探讨了金融压力作为这些差异的调解者.
研究的目的:
- 检查高财务压力是否有助于减少黑人儿童父母教育的回报.
- 测试父母教育对皮质总体体积产生积极影响的假设.
- 确定这种影响是否对黑人儿童来说较弱,以及财务压力是否介导了这种差异.
主要方法:
- 在青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究中利用了7936名儿童 (9-10岁) 的数据 (1775名黑人,6161名白人).
- 采用结构方程模型 (SEMs),将家长教育作为独立变量,皮质总体积作为结果,财务压力作为调解者,种族作为调节者.
- 对包括年龄,性别,家庭收入和婚姻状况在内的共变量进行控制.
主要成果:
- 在总体样本中,更高的父母教育与更大的皮质总体积有关.
- 这种关联在与白人儿童相比,在黑人儿童中明显较弱.
- 经济压力部分影响了黑人儿童父母教育收益的减少.
结论:
- 中产阶级黑人家庭的高财务压力部分解释了父母教育与儿童大脑发育之间的联系较弱.
- 针对教育质量,就业机会和歧视的干预措施对于解决种族不平等至关重要.
- 减少经济压力对于低收入家庭和受过高等教育的少数民族家庭来说至关重要,以确保公平的儿童发展.
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