结核病 - 美国,2011-2022年
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
|December 30, 2024
概括
图拉雷米亚是一种罕见的动物性疾病,由弗朗西塞拉图拉雷尼斯菌引起,在2011-2022年期间,美国的发病率增加. 为预防和医疗保健提供者提供有针对性的教育对于减少图拉氏病例和改善结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 动物传播疾病 动物传播疾病
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
背景情况:
- 由弗朗西塞拉 (Francisella tularensis) 引起的血病是美国除夏威夷以外的全国范围内报告的一种必须报告的动物病.
- 临床症状因感染途径而异,病例死亡率通常低于2%,可用抗生素治疗.
研究的目的:
- 分析2011-2022年国家图拉氏病监测数据.
- 为了确定趋势,高发病率人口,以及美国血病的地理热点.
主要方法:
- 对2011年至2022年期间报告的图拉里亚病例的国家监测数据的分析.
- 根据年龄,种族/种族和地理位置计算发病率.
- 与前十年 (2001-2010年) 的发病率的比较.
主要成果:
- 从2011年至2022年,与2001年至2010年相比,平均每年血病发病率增加了56%,主要是由于可能病例报告的增加.
- 四个中央州 (阿肯色州,堪萨斯州,密苏里州,俄克拉荷马州) 占病例的50%.
- 儿童 (5-9岁) 和年长的成年男性 (65-84岁) 患病率最高,美国印第安人/阿拉斯加土著人的发病率是白人发病率的五倍.
结论:
- 血病发病率有所增加,可能是由于实际感染或更好的检测.
- 量身定制的预防教育和加强医疗保健提供者培训,特别是针对部落人口的培训,对于减少发病率和死亡率至关重要.
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