美国种族差距日益扩大 过量服用的流行病
M Kumi Smith1, Colin Planalp2, Sarah L Bennis1
1Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, School of Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
药物过量死亡人数正在迅速增加,特别是在黑人,土著和西班牙裔/拉丁裔社区. 种族差异的区域差异凸显了结构性种族主义对健康结果的影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 美国的药物过量死亡人数超过了2021年车祸和枪支死亡人数的总和.
- 目前的药物过量流行不成比例地影响着有色人种社区.
- 调查种族差异对于理解和应对不断发展的流行病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查药物过量死亡的种族差异的区域和特定物质的变化.
- 确定不同种族和民族群体死亡率的趋势.
- 探索结构性种族主义对健康结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自疾病预防控制中心WONDER数据库的1999-2022年与阿片类药物相关的过量死亡数据.
- 对比了国家,州和实质层面的种族差异,以确定趋势.
- 分析了2024年的数据,以评估差异.
主要成果:
- 年龄调整后的过量死亡率从每10万人的6.2个增加到每10万人的32.7个 (1999-2022).
- 死亡率在黑人 (249.3%),土著 (166.3%) 和西班牙裔/拉丁裔 (171.8%) 美国人中增长最快.
- 观察到区域差异,特定地区在土著和黑人人口中过量死亡率较高. 与可卡因和阿片类药物相关的死亡不成比例地影响了黑人美国人,而甲基胺和阿片类药物多用死亡人数在美洲原住民中最高.
结论:
- 阿片类药物流行正在加速,特别是在少数种族社区.
- 兴奋剂过量死亡的增加是一个影响黑人和美洲原住民的种族问题.
- 国家层面的差异变化表明结构性种族主义的区域特异性影响,需要定制解决方案.
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