问责制和客观性:在证据和定位交叉点上的人道主义叙述
Ellen Turner1,2, Michelle Lokot1, Isabelle L Lange1,3
1Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
人道主义援助的证据往往是分层的,偏爱试验而不是当地专业知识. 整合本地知识对于有效的,非殖民化的人道主义决策和实践至关重要.
科学领域:
- 人道主义研究 人道主义研究
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 发展研究 发展研究 研究
背景情况:
- 在人道主义援助中,越来越重视基于证据的实践.
- 越来越多地关注本地化人道主义援助和脱殖民主义援助.
- 在人道主义工作中,证据使用和本地化议程之间的紧张关系.
研究的目的:
- 探索在人道主义决策中证据使用和本地化之间的交叉关系.
- 检查全球人道主义卫生从业者如何定义和利用证据.
- 了解证据层次对当地行为者和受影响人口的影响.
主要方法:
- 基于对全球人道主义卫生从业人员的采访进行的定性研究.
- 分析如何定义证据及其在等级和自下而上的决策中的作用.
- 探索证据质量和包括当地知识的观点.
主要成果:
- 有关"良好的"证据存在明确的层次结构,优先考虑随机对照试验.
- 受危机影响的人口和当地专业知识的观点并不总是被视为核心证据.
- 持久的叙述侧重于建立当地能力,并将证据视为客观,忽视权力动态.
结论:
- 人道主义论述的证据与本地化之间存在分歧.
- 证据是政治性的,受研究人员的立场影响;本地驱动的知识加强了决策.
- 需要证据和本地化之间的协同作用,因为区分它们会阻碍两个议程.
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