青少年的昼夜节律障碍增加了奖励和冒险
Lauren M DePoy1,2, Chelsea A Vadnie1,2,3, Kaitlyn A Petersen1,2
1Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Frontiers in neuroscience
|December 31, 2024
概括
在小鼠中,青少年昼夜节律障碍 (CRD) 持续增加了风险承担和可卡因使用,表明对物质使用障碍的倾向. 成人CRD没有产生这些长期影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 时间生物学 时间生物学
背景情况:
- 循环节律障碍与精神疾病有关,特别是情绪和物质使用障碍.
- 青春期是精神疾病发作和昼夜节律扰乱的关键时期.
- 关于昼夜节律扰乱 (CRD) 的现有研究主要集中在成人模型上,因此未研究过青少年特异性的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查青春期早期CRD的长期行为和神经生物学后果.
- 为了比较青少年CRD与成年期CRD的影响.
- 探索这些影响背后的潜在分子机制.
主要方法:
- 小鼠被暴露在12小时的光/黑暗周期转换范式中,以诱导CRD.
- 行为测试,包括风险承担和药物自我管理,在CRD暴露后几周进行.
- 对与昼夜节律,情绪和奖励相关的大脑区域进行了基因表达分析.
主要成果:
- 青少年CRD,但不是成年CRD,导致风险行为和晚年可卡因偏好持续增加.
- 在青少年CRD后的可卡因自我管理,动机和恢复方面观察到显著的性别差异.
- 青少年CRD在上神核 (SCN) 中改变了基因表达,性别之间有明显的模式.
结论:
- 青少年时期的CRD可以建立长期的变化,增加对物质使用障碍的脆弱性.
- 青少年CRD具有性别特异的神经生物学和行为后果.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解青少年CRD的全部影响,并制定有针对性的干预措施.
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