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老龄化和阿尔茨海默病中的嗅觉缺陷 - - 聚焦抑制性内部神经元

Kaoutar Elhabbari¹, Siran Sireci¹, Markus Rothermel¹

¹Institute of Physiology, RG Neurophysiology and Optogenetics, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.

Frontiers in neuroscience

|December 31, 2024

概括

老龄化和阿尔茨海默氏症中的嗅觉缺陷

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
神经生物学神经生物学神经生物学
老年学是一门学科.

背景情况:

认知功能与衰老和阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 中的嗅觉性能有关.
嗅觉缺陷在健康老龄化和AD进展中都被观察到.
了解嗅觉缺陷的原因对于早期诊断和干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

审查阻断性内部神经元在嗅球 (OB) 和初级嗅皮层中的作用.
为了比较健康的衰老和AD之间的嗅觉区域内核神经元组成的变化.
了解内部神经元如何影响嗅觉行为和缺陷.

主要方法:

对OB和嗅觉皮层中抑制性内部神经元的当前知识的综述.
在健康衰老和AD之间,在不同嗅觉大脑区域的内部神经元变化的比较.
对内部神经元群体在衰老和AD中的脆弱性进行分析.

主要成果:

衰老和AD都表现出激发/抑制平衡的改变,这表明抑制网络功能减少.
阿尔茨海默病与嗅觉区域的GABAergic内部神经元的显著损失有关,类似于海马和皮质区域.
衰老并没有在嗅觉GABAergic内部神经元中表现出这种明显的细胞损失.
在AD中,特定的内部神经元群体,特别是体静止素阳性细胞,在所有嗅觉区域都更容易受到伤害.

结论:

嗅觉GABAergic内部神经元的病理生理变化有助于AD的嗅觉缺陷.
内部神经元的脆弱性因亚型而异,索马托斯塔丁阳性细胞受到影响最大.
对抑制性内部神经元的进一步研究对于理解和治疗衰老和AD中的嗅觉功能障碍至关重要.

关键词:

阿尔茨海默氏症是阿尔茨海默氏症的一种疾病.老化的老化衰老的老化抑制抑制抑制的抑制作用内部神经元内部神经元嗅觉嗅觉是一种嗅觉.

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