资源选择中的功能性反应将大型食肉动物对人类死亡风险的多层次反应联系起来
Kyle D Dougherty1, Justin A Dellinger2, Bogdan Cristescu3
1School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
Ecology letters
|December 31, 2024
概括
山狮 (Puma concolor) 表现出层次化的资源选择,将粗略的家庭范围选择与细微的移动决策联系起来. 这一策略使他们能够在更广泛的规模上主动避免人为死亡风险,同时对更细微的危险做出反应.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 野生动物科学 野生动物科学
背景情况:
- 动物做层次的,多层次的资源选择决策受影响影响因素影响健康.
- 了解个体层面的粗细尺度选择关系至关重要,但理论上是难以捉摸的.
- 人类造成的死亡风险是影响野生动物行为和资源使用的重要因素.
研究的目的:
- 评估山狮 (Puma concolor) 在多个空间尺度上与人为死亡风险相关的资源选择.
- 测试理论预期,粗规模的资源选择如何影响个人层面的细规模决策.
- 为了证明在资源选择中的功能性反应如何在各个尺度之间联系决策.
主要方法:
- 利用美国加利福尼亚州244只山狮的GPS遥测数据.
- 分析了人为死亡风险的空间变化.
- 应用了层次化的资源选择框架,以链接粗微和细微规模的决策.
主要成果:
- 证明粗规模的家庭范围选择会影响更细微的尺度上的资源可用性.
- 表明山狮在选择家园范围时主动避免死亡风险.
- 发现个人在家庭范围内放松风险回避,但在最细的运动尺度上表现出反应性回避.
结论:
- 层次资源选择功能性地将各个个别的决策连接到不同规模.
- 在粗的尺度上主动避免风险可以在更细微的尺度上放松警,在最小的尺度上发生反应性避免.
- 这项研究提供了实证证据,证明了多尺度资源选择与与健身相关的决策之间的理论联系.
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