与发生妊娠糖尿病相关的饮食胰岛素负载和指数:一个前性队列研究
Azadeh Aminianfar1,2, Hamid Zolfaghari3, Sanaz Soltani3,4
1Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. aaminianfar@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|December 31, 2024
概括
高食胰岛素负载 (DIL) 与孕妇妊娠期糖尿病 (GDM) 的风险增加有关. 饮食胰岛素指数 (DII) 与GDM发展没有显著的关联.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 孕期糖尿病 (GDM) 对母亲和胎儿的健康构成重大风险.
- 饮食因素与GDM病变有关,但特定的指标,如饮食胰岛素负载 (DIL) 和饮食胰岛素指数 (DII) 在这种情况下仍然未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食胰岛素负载 (DIL) 和饮食胰岛素指数 (DII) 与患妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) 的风险之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,涉及伊朗812名孕妇.
- 在怀孕早期 (8至16周) 通过经过验证的食物频率问卷评估的饮食摄入量.
- 计算DIL和DII;使用50g口服葡萄糖耐受性测试 (24-28周) 诊断GDM;用于分析的Cox比例危险模型.
主要成果:
- 与最低四分位数相比,DIL的最高四分位数与GDM风险增加53% (RR 1.53,95% CI 1.003-2.34) 相关,即使经过对混因素和体重增加进行调整.
- 在DII和GDM风险之间没有观察到显著的关联 (RR 1.23,95% CI 0.84-1.82).
- 总的来说,28.4%的参与者发展了GDM.
结论:
- 较高的饮食胰岛素负载 (DIL) 是发展妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) 的重要危险因素.
- 饮食胰岛素指数 (DII) 似乎不是GDM风险的重要预测指标.
- 这些发现表明,以减少胰岛素负载为重点的饮食管理可能对预防GDM有益.
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