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采用SSR和ISSR分子标记物的牛突变采集的遗传多样性和种群结构

Sara Diallo^1,2, François Abaye Badiane^1,3, Badji-N'Poneh Ange Kabkia¹

¹Laboratoire Campus de Biotechnologies Végétales, Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar-Fann, Dakar, 10700, Senegal.

Scientific reports

|December 31, 2024

概括

牛的遗传多样性对于粮食安全至关重要,但受到气候变化的威胁. 这项研究使用SSR和ISSR标记来评估33个牛突变种群,揭示了繁殖计划的高遗传多样性和种群结构.

科学领域:

植物遗传学植物遗传学
分子生物学分子生物学
农业科学农业科学

背景情况:

豆 (Vigna unguiculata) 是非洲干旱和半干旱地区粮食和营养安全的重要豆类作物.
气候变化对牛的遗传多样性构成重大威胁,影响其长期生存能力和生产力.

研究的目的:

评估33个牛突变种群的遗传变异性和种群结构.
在气候变化的背景下,确定适合牛育种计划的遗传资源.

主要方法:

利用20个简单序列重复 (SSR) 和13个简单序列重复 (ISSR) 标记来分析遗传多样性.
采用了种群遗传学分析,包括Nei指数,香农信息指数,分子变异分析 (AMOVA) 和等级聚类.

主要成果:

观察到高水平的遗传多样性,平均等位基因数为5.15 (SSR) 和6.7 (ISSR).
种群结构分析揭示了不同的集群 (ISSR为3个,SSR为4个),种群内部的遗传变异比它们之间更大.
结合SSR和ISSR标记器提供了对遗传多样性,种群结构和牛集合中的关系的全面见解.

结论:

这项研究成功地描述了牛突变种群的遗传组织.
调查结果强调了结合SSR和ISSR标志物的重要性,以进行可靠的遗传评估.
评估的遗传多样性对于通过有针对性的育种努力开发适应气候变化的豆品种非常有价值.

关键词:

牛突变种子的突变种子遗传多样性遗传多样性这就是ISSR的ISSR.这是SSR的SSR.人口结构人口结构.

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相关概念视频

What is Population Genetics?

What is Population Genetics?

A population is composed of members of the same species that simultaneously live and interact in the same area. When individuals in a population breed, they pass down their genes to their offspring. Many of these genes are polymorphic, meaning that they occur in multiple variants. Such variations of a gene are referred to as alleles. The collective set of all the alleles within a population is known as the gene pool.

Dihybrid Crosses

Dihybrid Crosses

Monohybrid Crosses

Monohybrid Crosses

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...