Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes02:42

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes

15.1K
Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure.  Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
15.1K
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

11.9K
One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
11.9K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

10.5K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.5K
Termination of Translation01:44

Termination of Translation

24.9K
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
24.9K
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

7.5K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.5K
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

8.8K
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
8.8K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Elimination of myotonia improves myopathy in a muscleblind-like knockout model of myotonic dystrophy.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Immunogenic implications of translational readthrough modulate the association of F8 nonsense mutations with inhibitors in Hemophilia A.

Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Anticodon-engineered tRNAs restore full-length MeCP2 expression and function in Rett syndrome nonsense mutations.

Frontiers in neurology·2026
Same author

Rational design of a novel engineered factor X with chimeric activation peptide as bypassing agent for hemophilia.

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH·2026
Same author

Editing tRNA Genes to Broaden Nonsense Therapeutics.

The New England journal of medicine·2026
Same author

Gene Editing for Haemophilia-The Next Frontier.

Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia·2026

相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 4, 2025

TRUE Gene Silencing: Screening of a Heptamer-type Small Guide RNA Library for Potential Cancer Therapeutic Agents
09:18

TRUE Gene Silencing: Screening of a Heptamer-type Small Guide RNA Library for Potential Cancer Therapeutic Agents

Published on: June 2, 2016

5.6K

工程化tRNAs有效地抑制CDKL5过早终止编解子.

Stefano Pezzini1, Aurora Mustaccia2, Pierre Aboa1

  • 1Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate (Milan), 20054, Italy.

Scientific reports
|December 31, 2024
PubMed
概括

抗编辑的tRNAs (ACE-tRNAs) 为CDKL5缺乏障碍 (CDD) 提供了一个有前途的新策略. 这种方法有效地恢复了具有无意义突变的细胞中CDKL5激酶的全长合成,与以前的药物介导疗法不同.

更多相关视频

Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
07:23

Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells

Published on: May 30, 2025

73
An In Vitro Assay to Detect tRNA-Isopentenyl Transferase Activity
07:46

An In Vitro Assay to Detect tRNA-Isopentenyl Transferase Activity

Published on: October 8, 2018

6.9K

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2025

TRUE Gene Silencing: Screening of a Heptamer-type Small Guide RNA Library for Potential Cancer Therapeutic Agents
09:18

TRUE Gene Silencing: Screening of a Heptamer-type Small Guide RNA Library for Potential Cancer Therapeutic Agents

Published on: June 2, 2016

5.6K
Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
07:23

Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells

Published on: May 30, 2025

73
An In Vitro Assay to Detect tRNA-Isopentenyl Transferase Activity
07:46

An In Vitro Assay to Detect tRNA-Isopentenyl Transferase Activity

Published on: October 8, 2018

6.9K

科学领域:

  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.

背景情况:

  • CDKL5缺陷障碍 (CDD) 是一种严重的神经发育障碍,没有治疗方法,主要通过控制来控制.
  • 对于大脑发育至关重要的CDKL5基因的致病变异导致CDD.
  • 无意义突变占CDD病例的很大一部分,为阅读疗法提供了机会.

研究的目的:

  • 调查Anticodon编辑的tRNAs (ACE-tRNAs) 作为CDKL5缺乏症障碍 (CDD) 的新阅读策略.
  • 评估ACE-tRNAs在从无意义变异中恢复功能性的CDKL5蛋白质合成中的有效性.
  • 为了比较ACE-tRNA疗法与以前的药物介导的阅读方法.

主要方法:

  • 利用了表达各种CDKL5无意义变异的细胞转染模型.
  • 采用旨在准和纠正CDKL5mRNA中过早无意义编码的ACE-tRNA.
  • 评估了重新编码的CDKL5激酶的合成,定位和催化活性.

主要成果:

  • 在具有无意义突变的细胞中,ACE-tRNAs有效地恢复了全长CDKL5激酶的合成.
  • 重编码的CDKL5蛋白显示出正确的细胞定位,并保留了催化活性.
  • 药物介导的阅读,虽然抑制了无意义的编码子,但导致了低形态激酶,限制了其治疗价值.

结论:

  • ACE-tRNAs代表了由无意义突变引起的CDD可行的替代阅读策略.
  • 这种基于tRNA的方法成功地恢复了功能性的CDKL5蛋白质,与以前的药理方法不同.
  • 需要进一步的研究来评估ACE-tRNAs在纠正CDD表型方面的治疗潜力.