体育参与和儿童神经认知发展
Fu-Miao Tan1, Junhong Yu1, Alicia M Goodwill2
1School of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|December 31, 2024
概括
包括团队和个人类型在内的有组织体育参与与儿童更好的认知功能和大脑发育有关. 与不参加运动相比,任何体育活动都会对认知能力和大脑结构产生积极的影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 团队运动中的心理社会因素可能会比个人运动更多地提高认知发展.
- 在儿童中,有组织的体育活动很常见,团队与个人活动的参与程度各不相同.
研究的目的:
- 研究不同组织体育 (个人,团队或两者) 对儿童神经认知发育的影响.
- 为了比较参与团队体育运动和个人体育运动的儿童之间的神经认知结果.
- 检查体育参与与认知测试和神经成像指标之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 在青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究中利用了11878名儿童 (年龄为9-11) 的数据.
- 在基线和两年随访时将参与者分为"没有"",个人","团队"或"两者"的体育类别.
- 对11个认知测试和神经成像指标 (功能连接,灰质 (GM) 和白质 (WM) 测量) 进行了横截面和纵向分析.
主要成果:
- 在基线或随访时,团队和个人体育运动参与者之间没有发现显著的认知差异.
- 在运动组之间观察到白质 (WM) 微观结构的小但显著差异.
- 与非参与者相比,在基线参与任何有组织的体育运动与更好的认知表现 (例如,抑制,处理速度) 和更好的大脑结构 (例如,皮下GM体积,WM完整性) 相关联.
结论:
- 有组织的体育参与,包括个人和团队活动,与儿童的神经认知发育有积极的联系.
- 虽然团队体育和个人体育之间没有明显的具体差异,但任何参与体育运动的都有利于认知和大脑的发展.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解各种运动对神经认知轨迹的微妙影响.
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