在接受免疫治疗的非小细胞肺癌患者中解码KRAS突变:回顾性机构比较和文献综述
S Berenice Urtecho1, Leonardo Provenzano2, Andrea Spagnoletti2
1Medical Oncology Department, Fundacion Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia (IVO).
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|December 31, 2024
概括
免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 在具有KRAS突变的高级非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 中表现出不同的疗效. 骨转移会显著恶化预后,不论是KRAS亚型或共同突变.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
背景情况:
- KRAS突变在晚期非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 中很常见,由于有限的向疗法,与预后不佳有关.
- 免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 提供了新的治疗途径,但它们在KRAS突变NSCLC中的有效性仍在争论中.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较晚期NSCLC患者的ICI临床结果,这些患者有不同的KRAS突变异型.
- 确定影响该患者群体治疗反应的预后因素.
主要方法:
- 对143名具有KRAS突变的晚期NSCLC患者进行了回顾性分析,这些患者接受了ICI治疗 (2020年12月 - 2022年7月).
- 使用日志等级和Cox Hazard方法进行生存分析.
- 评估KRAS亚型,共同突变和临床结果,包括整体存活率 (OS),无进展存活率 (PFS) 和反应持续时间 (DOR).
主要成果:
- 不同的KRAS亚型 (G12C,G12V,G12D等) 中没有观察到OS或PFS的显著差异. ) 的情况.
- G12C突变与更高的骨转移发病率 (42%) 有关.
- 骨转移成为一个显著的不良预后因素,增加死亡风险 (HR: 2.81).
- G12D组显示了化学免疫治疗的最高整体响应率 (73%).
- STK11和TP53的共同突变没有显著影响OS.
结论:
- KRAS突变亚型在ICI治疗的晚期NSCLC中表现出不同的临床结果.
- 骨转移是关键的不良预后因素,显著增加死亡风险.
- 考虑到遗传特征的个性化治疗策略对于高级NSCLC患者至关重要.
更多相关视频
06:51Utilizing 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging and Quantitative Histology to Measure Dynamic Changes in the Glucose Metabolism in Mouse Models of Lung Cancer
Published on: July 21, 2018
17.8K
07:42Patient-Derived Tumor Explants As a "Live" Preclinical Platform for Predicting Drug Resistance in Patients
Published on: February 7, 2021
4.8K
相关概念视频
The Ras Gene
6.2K
The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
Ras is a...
6.2K
Tumor Immunotherapy
472
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
472
Abnormal Proliferation
4.4K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.4K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
4.8K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
4.8K
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.4K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.4K
