2020年阿尔巴尼亚烧伤感染的流行病学趋势
1Department of Biomedical and Experimental Courses, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania.
Annals of burns and fire disasters
|January 1, 2025
概括
烧伤患者面临高风险的医院感染. 这项研究发现,在阿尔巴尼亚,烧伤感染率增加,但殖民率下降.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 烧伤护理 烧伤护理
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
背景情况:
- 烧伤患者由于广泛的组织损伤,免疫抑制,长时间住院和密集治疗,极易患上医院感染 (NI).
- 了解烧伤感染和殖民的流行病学对于在重症监护室 (ICU) 有效的患者管理和感染控制至关重要.
- 2010年以前的数据为比较当前烧伤患者的感染和殖民趋势提供了基线.
研究的目的:
- 确定阿尔巴尼亚蒂拉纳大学医院中心烧伤和整形外科服务中心的重症监护室中烧伤殖民和感染的当前流行病学.
- 将当前的感染和殖民率与2010年的数据进行比较,以确定趋势.
- 在这个患者群体中,确定导致烧伤感染的主要病原体.
主要方法:
- 使用了回顾性临床和分析研究设计.
- 从医院数据库中收集了微生物学数据,总体表面积 (TBSA) 烧伤,停留时间 (LOS) 和死亡率.
- 该研究包括2020年在蒂拉纳的UHC烧伤服务的ICU入院的所有患者.
主要成果:
- 烧伤感染的患病率在2020年增加到每100名患者中的17.2例,高于2010年的12例.
- 烧伤殖民化患病率下降了一半,从每100名患者中的44名殖民患者降至20.6名.
- 烧伤感染发病率上升至每1000个住院日的47个,而攻击率上升至每100名患者的0.7个感染.
- 格拉姆阳性细菌是主要的病原体 (71%),其次是格拉姆阴性细菌 (26%) 和真菌 (3%).
- 关键的病原体包括:金黄色葡萄球菌 (55.0%),空气性伪菌 (9%),宝曼菌 (8%),凝结酶阴性葡萄球菌 (8%) 和菌 (5%).
- *耐甲基金色葡萄球菌* (MRSA) 占 *葡萄球菌* 隔离物的 55.3%.
结论:
- 烧伤感染率有所增加,而在研究的ICU人群中,殖民率有所下降.
- 格拉姆阳性细菌,特别是黄金葡萄球菌 (包括MRSA),是造成烧伤感染的主要病原体.
- 实施抗微生物药物管理计划对于优化败血症治疗和管理烧伤患者抗微生物药物耐药性至关重要.
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