在工程石材制造过程中释放的晶纳米粒子
Kabir Rishi1, Bon Ki Ku1, Chaolong Qi2
1Health Effects Laboratory Division (HELD), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),1090 Tusculum Ave,Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, United States.
ACS omega
|January 1, 2025
概括
工程石材制造中的可呼吸晶体二氧化 (RCS) 构成健康风险. 100nm以下的纳米晶体二氧化 (NCS) 颗粒是一个重大问题,可能需要修订暴露评估.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 分析化学 分析化学
背景情况:
- 工程石材制造产生可呼吸的晶体二氧化 (RCS),这是一个日益增长的职业健康危险.
- 有限的数据存在于纳米晶体二氧化 (NCS),粒子<100nm,在这个气溶.
- 目前的暴露指标可能低估了NCS存在的风险.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一种方法来量化工程石材制造气溶中的NCS.
- 为了表征晶体二氧化含量和多态分子在100nm以下的气溶分数.
- 评估表面积与质量的相关性,以评估暴露.
主要方法:
- 在试验室 (EN 1093-3) 中生成的工程石气溶.
- 级联冲击器用于横跨尺寸分数的气溶采样.
- 量化分析的X射线衍射 (XRD) 和富里埃变换红外 (FTIR) 光谱学.
- 电子衍射和电子能量损失光谱用于定性确认.
主要成果:
- 在所有尺寸分数中确定了α-石英和cristobalite多态.
- 克里斯托巴莱特含量随着颗粒大小的增加而增加.
- 100nm以下的分量由70%的晶体二氧化组成.
- 虽然气溶质量为1%,但100nm以下的部分对肺部沉积的表面积贡献了4-24%.
结论:
- 纳米晶体二氧化存在于工程石气溶中,具有显著的质量贡献.
- 表面积可能是一个比质量更关键的指标来评估健康风险和控制有效性.
- 目前的基于群体的暴露评估可能无法充分保护工人免受NCS危害.
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