在免疫功能低下的儿童中,对SARS-CoV-2的混合免疫力的耐久性降低
Youjia Zhong1,2,3, Amuthavalli Kottaiswamy1, Chen Xiang Ang3
1Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore.
Frontiers in immunology
|January 1, 2025
概括
免疫功能低下的儿童需要三剂COVID-19疫苗初级系列,以获得足够的保护. 他们的免疫力比健康儿童的免疫力减弱得更快,需要频繁的补充注射.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 免疫功能低下的儿童面临着来自流行COVID-19的重大风险.
- 这一易受伤害群体的最佳初级疫苗接种和强剂接种计划尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估在免疫功能低下儿童接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗后混合免疫的免疫性和耐用性.
- 为了比较免疫受损儿童的疫苗反应与健康儿童的疫苗反应.
主要方法:
- 招募19名免疫功能低下的儿童 (移植接受者,自身免疫性疾病,白血病患者).
- 用BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2疫苗进行初级接种.
- 接种疫苗后长度随访1年,评估T细胞和记忆B细胞的反应.
主要成果:
- 两个疫苗剂量不足以引起免疫功能低下儿童的保护性T细胞和记忆性B细胞反应.
- 第三剂量显著增强了T细胞和记忆B细胞的反应.
- 免疫力低下的儿童的混合免疫力下降得更快,在12个月后降低到保护水平以下.
结论:
- 对于免疫功能低下的儿童,建议使用三剂量初级疫苗接种方案.
- 在这种人群中,持续免疫力可能需要每年或每年两次的增强剂.
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