在精英羽毛球运动员的高度训练中,基于性别的个体变异性
Camille Précart1, Janne Bouten1, Caroline Giroux1
1Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA 7370), French Institute of Sport, Paris, France.
Journal of sports sciences
|January 1, 2025
概括
高空训练并没有显著改变精英羽毛球运动员的力-速度-功率分析或无氧能力. 然而,观察到基于性别的显著差异,突出了需要个性化的高度训练计划.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 高度培训 研究 研究 高度培训
背景情况:
- 高空训练是提高运动表现的常见策略.
- 对精英运动员来说,了解其对力-速度-功率 (F-V-P) 分析和无氧能力的影响至关重要.
- 对培训干预措施的反应中基于性别的变异性需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估高空训练对F-V-P定位和精英羽毛球运动员无氧能力的影响.
- 为了检查对高度训练的反应中基于性别的内部和个人间的变异性.
主要方法:
- 一个准实验性的设计被采用了14名精英羽毛球运动员 (6名女性,8名男性).
- 参与者在2320米处进行了为期3周的"生活高训练高"营地.
- 干预前和后进行了F-V-P分析和Wingate无氧试验,并进行了统计分析,包括ANOVA和估计统计数据.
主要成果:
- 对于F-V-P分析或Wingate测试变量,没有观察到显著的时间效应 (前与后).
- 在Wingate测试中,在最大理论速度,相对最大理论功率和峰值/平均功率输出方面发现了显著的性别效应.
- 虽然整体变化在性别之间没有显著差异,但女性运动员在最大理论功率的相对增加更大.
结论:
- 传统的统计分析没有显示高空训练对F-V-P定位或无氧能力有显著影响.
- 高的个体内和个体间变异性,受大量基于性别的差异的影响,掩盖了潜在的训练效应.
- 建议采用个性化的方法,以优化运动员对高度训练干预措施的反应能力.
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