高剂量静脉BCG疫苗接种诱导了气道中增强的免疫信号
Joshua M Peters1,2,3, Edward B Irvine2,4, Mohau S Makatsa5
1Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Science advances
|January 1, 2025
概括
在 rhesus macaques 中静脉注射Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) 疫苗可以增强对结核病的呼吸道免疫力. 高剂量静脉注射BCG原始化T细胞和巨细胞以改善Mycobacterium结核病的清除.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 皮内细菌卡尔梅特-盖林 (BCG) 是一种广泛使用的疫苗,但对成人肺结核提供有限的保护.
- 新兴研究表明,在非人类灵长类动物中静脉注射BCG可以增强对Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) 的保护.
研究的目的:
- 调查BCG疫苗接种不同路线和剂量的对 rhesus macaques 呼吸道免疫微环境的影响.
- 确定与对MTB的优越保护相关的特定免疫细胞变化和反应.
主要方法:
- 从通过皮肤内和静脉注射途径以不同的剂量接种BCG疫苗的 rhesus的支气管泡洗细胞单细胞分析.
- 评估免疫细胞种群,激活状态和转录反应,包括干扰素信号和T辅助细胞反应.
主要成果:
- 高剂量静脉BCG疫苗接种导致多功能T细胞和巨细胞在呼吸道中的存在增加.
- 高剂量静脉BCG接受者的膜巨细胞显示出基底激活状态,以干扰素信号为特征,即使没有刺激.
- 在刺激后观察到增强的细胞间免疫信号和强大的T助手1-T助手17转录反应.
结论:
- 高剂量静脉BCG疫苗接种建立了一个独特的气道免疫环境,有利于有效的Mtb清除.
- 这种疫苗接种策略启动了呼吸道免疫细胞,表明了改善结核病预防和治疗的潜力.
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