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患有多发性骨髓瘤和莱纳利多米德维持治疗的患者的SARS-CoV-2免疫反应

Ioana Martac¹, Sina A Beer¹, Aileen Schenk¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Frontiers in immunology

|January 2, 2025

概括

接受莱纳利多米德治疗的多发性骨髓瘤患者显示抗体产生减少,但对COVID-19感染或疫苗接种保持强烈的T细胞反应. 建议在接种疫苗期间继续使用lenalidomide.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
在瘤学瘤学.
疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学

背景情况:

多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 的特点是免疫失调,影响幽默免疫力.
细胞免疫反应在MM中至关重要,但其程度和持续时间尚未完全理解.
免疫调节药物 (IMiDs),如莱纳利多米德 (Lena),可能会影响MM患者的T细胞功能.

研究的目的:

研究和比较健康志愿者对COVID-19疫苗接种或感染的免疫反应与接受莱纳利多米德维持治疗的MM患者.
在这些不同的群体中评估幽默和细胞免疫力.
评估莱纳利多米德治疗对免疫反应的影响.

主要方法:

这项研究包括43名健康志愿者和41名接受莱纳利多米德治疗的MM患者.
对SARS-CoV-2抗原 (Spike,RBD,Nucleocapsid) 的幽默反应 (IgA,IgG) 通过ELISA进行测量.
细胞反应 (CD8+ T 细胞,CD4+ T 毛囊辅助细胞) 用刺激,激活诱导标记物 (AIM) 试验和流细胞计进行了评估.

主要成果:

与MM患者相比,健康对照组表现出明显更好的幽默反应 (例如,核体IgA).
MM患者表现出强大的T细胞反应,T辅助细胞对SARS-CoV-2Spike抗原的激活率更高.
毫米患者的核囊特异性T辅助细胞活化增加,不管在接种疫苗时服用莱纳利多米德的情况如何.

结论:

接受莱纳利多米德治疗的多发性骨髓瘤患者显示抗体产生减少,但保留了强大的T细胞介导免疫力来对抗SARS-CoV-2.
这些发现强调了为MM患者接种COVID-19疫苗的重要性.
这项研究表明,在接种疫苗期间保持莱纳利多米德治疗是建议的,休息不必要.

关键词:

细胞免疫反应的细胞免疫反应.免疫调节疗法是一种免疫调节疗法.莱纳利多胺的使用方法多发性骨髓瘤是多发性骨髓瘤的一种疾病.接种疫苗的反应反应.

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