农业保护实践对改善水质的有效性概述第二部分
Ruth S Book1, Jane Frankenberger2, Laura E Christianson3
1Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
概括
农业保护实践 (ACP) 在减少营养和沉积物流失方面表现出不同的有效性. 水管理实践在减轻气损失方面表现出色,但很少有效地减少,需要针对性研究和为改善水质提供资金.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 水质管理水质管理
背景情况:
- 尽管对农业保护实践 (ACP) 进行了大量投资,但水体中持续的缩和缺氧.
- 需要全面了解ACP的比较效率和成本效益,以优化环境成果和资金分配.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较不同非洲和非洲国家和地区的绩效和成本效益,在两个特别的集合中进行了审查.
- 为研究人员,政策制定者和资助机构提供关键的视角,旨在通过ACP实施来提高水质.
主要方法:
- 审查和综合来自十个不同的ACP的数据,其目标,战略和景观位置各不相同.
- 在降低沉积物, (N) 和 (P) 负荷方面,与成本效益评估一起,分析了非洲和非洲国家和地区 (ACP) 的表现.
主要成果:
- 四个水资源管理 (排水管理,去化生物反应器,和缓冲区,建造湿地) 的非洲和非洲国家有效地减少了地下排水中的酸盐负载 (40%-46%).
- 在减少农田中溶解 (DP) 损失方面,经审查的ACP的有效性有限.
- 四个非洲国家和地区 (残留/耕地管理,保护作物轮换,排水管理,营养管理) 显示出潜在的净经济效益.
结论:
- 水资源管理实践对于减轻的作用是有效的,但减少仍然是一个挑战.
- 长期的实地监测对于准确评估不同气候条件下的ACP表现至关重要.
- 建议为特定的非洲,非洲和非洲国家优先制定战略性财政援助,以最大限度地改善水质.
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