2018-2022年波兰多药耐药结核病流行病学状况的变化
Monika Kozińska1, Dorota Filipczak2, Magdalena Klatt2
1Department of Microbiology, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland. m.kozinska@igichp.edu.pl
Polish archives of internal medicine
|January 2, 2025
概括
由于乌克兰战争的移民涌入,波兰的多抗药结核病 (MDR-TB) 病例增加,北京基因型在移民和波兰人口中普遍存在. 这引发了人们对未来MDR-TB发病率和传播的担忧.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 全球流行病和俄罗斯-乌克兰战争为人们对传染病传播的担忧增加创造了背景.
- 来自多耐药结核病 (MDR-TB) 发病率高的地区的移民涌入波兰,引起了对波兰流行病学状况的特别关注.
- 北京的Mycobacterium结核病基因型是一个重大问题,因为它具有快速传播和耐药性的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 评估2018年至2022年间波兰MDR-TB的流行病情景.
- 确定在被诊断患有MDR-TB的波兰人和移民人群中北京基因型的流行率.
- 评估最近地缘政治事件对波兰结核病流行病学的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了2018年至2022年间诊断的250例细菌学证实的MDR-TB病例.
- 包括对所有研究参与者的微生物学,表型和分子分析.
- 在波兰和移民患者群体之间对MDR-TB和北京基因型流行率的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 战争爆发后,MDR-TB病例的显著增加被观察到,其中很大一部分患者呈现了前广泛耐药 (XDR) 和广泛耐药 (XDR) 菌株.
- 基诺耐药性很高 (40%),波兰人口的比率高于移民. 移民的MDR率较高,对二线注射药物耐药性较高.
- 北京基因型占主导地位,在71.6%的隔离物中发现,在移民和波兰患者中都有类似的高频率.
结论:
- 乌克兰战争导致了大量携带MDR-TB,包括北京基因型的移民涌入波兰.
- 由于这种人口流动,波兰存在增加MDR-TB发病率的重大风险.
- 移民和本地人群之间的结核病菌株传播潜力构成了公共卫生挑战.
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