用于大脑启发的计算硬件的二维材料
Shreyash Hadke1, Min-A Kang1, Vinod K Sangwan1
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
Chemical reviews
|January 2, 2025
概括
原子薄的二维 (2D) 材料为以大脑为灵感的计算提供了低能耗的解决方案,模仿生物系统. 本综述涵盖了它们与神经形态设备的整合,强调了未来进步的挑战和机遇.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 计算机工程 计算机工程
背景情况:
- 传统的硬件面临着人工智能 (AI) 不可持续的能源消耗.
- 神经形态硬件模仿生物系统,提供了一个低能耗的替代方案.
- 先进的材料对于可扩展和高速的神经形态计算至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查二维材料和范德瓦尔斯异质连接的生长,制造和整合.
- 探索它们在神经形态电子和光电子设备,电路和系统中的应用.
- 强调结构-属性-设备响应关系,并比较技术.
主要方法:
- 关于用于神经形态应用的二维材料的综合文献综述.
- 分析生长,制造和整合技术.
- 材料特性和设备性能的批判性比较.
主要成果:
- 二维材料具有独特的特性,适合下一代电子产品.
- 它们能够实现超越传统系统的生物现实的突触和神经元反应.
- 2D材料和异质连接的整合是先进的神经形态设备的关键.
结论:
- 对于低能耗,高性能的神经形态计算,二维材料和异质连接是有前途的.
- 需要进一步的研究来克服可扩展性和集成方面的挑战.
- 利用二维材料的基本特性为未来的神经形态系统提供了重大机会.
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