调节脂代谢,促进细菌表型对抗生素的耐药性
Hui Li1,2, Jun Yang1,2, Su-Fang Kuang1
1State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
eLife
|January 2, 2025
概括
高水平通过改变脂肪酸和膜组成,增加细菌对抗生素的耐药性. 这项研究揭示了一种新的环境因素,影响抗生素治疗期间的细菌生存.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 抗生素耐药性是全球主要的健康威胁.
- 非遗传性 (表型) 抗生素耐药性的机制尚未完全理解.
- 影响细菌表型耐药性的外源因素需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 研究环境因素对细菌抗生素耐药性的作用.
- 阐明如何影响Vibrio alginolyticus*对抗生素敏感性的机制.
- 为了确定由调节的代谢途径,有助于抗生素复发.
主要方法:
- 使用*Vibrio alginolyticus*作为一个模型生物.
- 使用功能代谢学和脂质代谢学来分析代谢变化.
- 评估了在不同条件下对广泛的抗生素的细菌敏感性.
- 用特定脂肪酸补充细菌培养,以确认它们在耐药性中的作用.
主要成果:
- 高度显著增加了*Vibrio alginolyticus*的抗生素耐药性.
- 调节脂肪酸生物合成,偏好和脂肪酸而不是不和脂肪酸.
- 补充不和脂肪酸增加了抗生素敏感性,而和脂肪酸降低了它.
- 改变了甘氨酸脂代谢,减少了酸乙醇胺,增加了酸糖醇.
- 这些代谢变化导致细菌膜特性发生变化 (极化增加,透性和流动性降低),减少了抗生素的吸收.
结论:
- 环境是促进细菌表型抗生素耐药性的重要因素.
- 脂肪酸和葡萄糖脂代谢是调解诱导的抗生素反的关键途径.
- 由于暴露于的细菌膜组成的改变会降低抗生素的疗效.
- 通过利用环境因素确定了一种新型的代谢机制,以逃避抗生素杀死.
相关概念视频
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
1.3K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.3K
Antimicrobial Proteins
722
Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
722
Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes
43.0K
The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
43.0K
Membrane Fluidity
149.4K
Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
149.4K
Bacterial Signaling
30.6K
Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
30.6K
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug pKa, Lipophilicity and GI pH
748
Drug absorption within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex process influenced by several critical factors, including the site pH, the drug's dissociation constant (pKa), and the drug's lipophilicity. The GI tract exhibits a pH gradient, with an acidic environment in the stomach and a more alkaline environment in the small intestine. This pH variation directly affects the ionization state of drugs.
A drug's pKa and the pH of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract play crucial roles...
A drug's pKa and the pH of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract play crucial roles...
748


