技术结构和3D几何形态分析用于研究热带中部巴西的全新世纪单面工具的变异性
Marina González-Varas1,2, Antoine Lourdeau1, Letícia Gonçalves3
1Département Homme & Environnement, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7194 HNHP, Équipe PRÉTROP, Musée de l'Homme, Paris, France.
PloS one
|January 2, 2025
概括
早期的南美狩猎采集者使用了各种各样的单面石器. 这项研究揭示了它们的变异性源于功能和原材料,挑战了这些古美洲文物的传统分类.
科学领域:
- 考古学的考古学
- 古美洲研究古美洲研究.
- 石化技术 石化技术
背景情况:
- 热带南美洲的狩猎采集者社区在普世-全新世过渡期间适应了环境变化.
- 巴西中部的Itaparica技术综合体具有独特的单面石器工具,但影响其变异性的因素尚不清楚.
- 了解工具人体工程学和人与环境的相互作用对于解释早期技术策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查导致巴西中部GO-Ni地点单面工具形态和结构变异的因素.
- 测试假设原材料的可用性和功能/人体工程学要求影响了工具的多样性.
- 增强对早期石器技术和古美洲文化系统的理解.
主要方法:
- 67个单面工具的技术结构分析.
- 3D几何形态测量用于量化工具几何和功能潜力.
- 技术结构组与类型学分类的比较.
主要成果:
- 在单面工具的技术结构组中发现了显著的形态结构多样性.
- 确定了九个不同的技术结构组,表明不同的功能组织.
- 变性与工具功能有关,挑战传统类型学,并突出独特的区域工具概念.
结论:
- 单面工具在生产属性之外表现出相当大的变化,主要是由功能驱动的.
- 这项研究挑战了古美洲石器技术的现有分类.
- 单面工具发挥了重要的文化作用,反映了研究领域独特的工具概念.
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