相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 4, 2025

08:23
CIRCLE-Seq for Interrogation of Off-Target Gene Editing
Published on: November 1, 2024
513
疾病中的RNA编辑:机制和治疗潜力
Kasra Honarmand Tamizkar1, Michael F Jantsch2
1Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
概括
氨酸对氨酸 (A-to-I) 的RNA编辑由作用于RNA的氨酸脱氨酶 (ADARs) 是一个广泛的现象. 要了解它在疾病中的作用及其治疗潜力,需要进一步研究编辑组的改变和编辑动态.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 几十年前,发现了腺酸到 inosine (A-to-I) RNA 编辑,由作用于 RNA (ADARs) 的腺酸脱氨酶催化.
- 在cDNA测序中,A-to-I编辑的检测被其读取为腺变为瓜诺辛 (A-to-G) 变化所促进,导致广泛的转录组分析.
- 尽管已经建立了检测方法,但在整个转录组编辑体中改变RNA编辑的功能后果及其与疾病的联系仍然不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前对腺去胺类型RNA编辑的理解.
- 探索RNA编辑在疾病发展中的参与.
- 讨论RNA编辑作为治疗策略的潜力,并突出现有挑战.
主要方法:
- 对ADAR介导的RNA编辑现有文献的综述.
- 对目前的管道进行分析,以检测转录组中的RNA编辑事件.
- 讨论RNA编辑改变对疾病的影响.
主要成果:
- A-to-I RNA编辑是一种普遍的转录后修改,对基因表达有影响.
- 改变的RNA编辑模式越来越多地与各种人类疾病有关,尽管因果关系经常受到争议.
- 局部导向RNA编辑是一种新兴的遗传疾病治疗方法,但技术障碍仍然存在.
结论:
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明RNA编辑在疾病发病过程中的确切作用.
- 探索RNA编辑的动态,包括单分子频率和纵向变化,至关重要.
- 克服技术挑战对于实现RNA编辑技术的全部治疗潜力至关重要.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
RNA Editing
8.9K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
8.9K
CRISPR
49.3K
Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
49.3K
Nucleotide Excision Repair
3.4K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
3.4K
Experimental RNAi
6.0K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.0K
Gene Therapy
25.2K
Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
25.2K
Alternative RNA Splicing
20.9K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
20.9K

