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Braulio A Assis^1,2, Alexis P Sullivan^3,4, Stephanie Marciniak^5,6

¹Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. bassis@unc.edu.

Nature communications

|January 2, 2025

概括

东方围显示了对入侵性火的遗传适应. 与生存相关的较长的四肢是对这些有毒的掠食者而进化的,这表明了快速的生态进化变化.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
进化生物学进化生物学
基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

人类活动,如物种引入,驱动生态变化,并可能导致本地野生动物的快速进化反应.
红色进口火 (Solenopsis invicta) 是美国的入侵物种,与本地动物群相互作用,既是捕食者也是猎物.
东方围 (Sceloporus undulatus) 是美国本土的,与入侵的火相互作用.

研究的目的:

为了调查东部的潜在遗传适应性,以侵入性红色进口火的存在.
为了确定与适应火掠食和毒性的特定基因和特征.
了解入侵物种对本土人口的生态进化影响.

主要方法:

整个基因组测序是在来自三个不同的群体的420只东部子身上进行的.
种群包括一个长期暴露于火的种群和两个未暴露的对照种群.
分析了遗传数据,以确定积极选择和等位基因差异化的特征.

主要成果:

积极选择的特征仅在暴露于火的种群中发现,特别是在与免疫系统,生长因子通路和形态发育有关的基因中.
被入侵的肢体长度较长与生存率的增加有关,可能有助于消除刺的.
与较长的四肢相关的特定等位基因与未暴露的种群显示出显著的差异化,与入侵前的四肢长度模式形成鲜明对比.

结论:

这项研究提供了对东部围对入侵性火的反应中可信的遗传适应的证据.
这些适应可能涉及免疫功能,生长和形态的变化,包括四肢长度,从而赋予了生存优势.
这些发现突出了当地物种快速生态进化适应能力,这些物种面临来自入侵物种的新生态压力.

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