表面重塑和细胞矩阵相互作用的逆转是社区对Vibrio cholerae生物膜的认可和分散的基础
Alexis Moreau1, Danh T Nguyen2, Alexander J Hinbest3
1Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Nature communications
|January 2, 2025
概括
细菌生物膜是由矩阵组件连接在一起的,但Vibrio cholerae细胞通过表面多糖和Bap1.1蛋白相互作用. 在生物膜生长期间的矩阵重塑会改变相互作用,促进细胞分散.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
背景情况:
- 生物膜是表面附着的细菌群体,被包裹在细胞外基质中.
- 生物膜中细胞矩阵相互作用的精确机制尚未完全理解.
- 了解这些相互作用对于控制生物膜发育和相关疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究Vibrio cholerae生物膜中细胞矩阵相互作用的特定生化机制.
- 阐明这些相互作用如何在生物膜发育过程中发生变化并影响细胞分散.
主要方法:
- 利用了遗传学,先进显微镜,计算模拟和生物化学分析的组合.
- 调查了Vibrio多糖体 (VPS) 和Bap1蛋白在细胞粘附中的作用.
- 研究了多糖酶RbmB对矩阵重塑和细胞分散的影响.
主要成果:
- 振动性霍乱细胞不会直接吸引到主要基质成分,振动性多糖化物 (VPS).
- 细胞附着是由表面关联的VPS和Bap1蛋白的交联介导的.
- 衰老的生物膜表现出表面重塑,VPS产量减少和RbmB介导的修剪,导致排斥性相互作用和聚合细胞分散.
结论:
- 霍乱病毒生物膜中的细胞矩阵相互作用是动态和复杂的,不仅仅是基于对主矩阵的吸引力.
- 与表面相关的VPS和蛋白质交联是初始细胞粘附的关键.
- 矩阵重塑和酶活性调节从粘附到分散的过渡,突出了生物膜发育控制的新机制.
相关概念视频
01:16Cell Motility through Blebbing
1.9K
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
1.9K
01:39Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
2.3K
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
2.3K
01:29Biofilms
Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular polysaccharide matrix attached to surfaces. These microbial consortia can include single or multiple species, providing enhanced survival benefits by forming organized, multilayered structures.The formation of biofilms occurs through four key stages: attachment, colonization, development, and dispersal.During attachment, free-swimming planktonic cells adhere to a surface, often facilitated by...
01:24Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions
7.0K
The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
7.0K
01:10Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria
2.8K
Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a...
2.8K
01:29Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria
3.3K
Bacterial cells were initially considered simple, randomly organized structures lacking a cytoskeleton. However, the discovery of cytoskeleton homologs in bacteria led to the change of this opinion. Bacterial cytoskeletal filaments regulate the cell shape, cell polarity, cell division, and partitioning of plasmids during cell division. It was later discovered that bacterial cytoskeletal proteins, mainly actin and tubulin homologs, are diverse compared to their eukaryotic counterparts. On the...
3.3K