根据拖拉机轮胎参数,评估土壤接触应力的变化
Savelii Kukharets1, Andrii Zabrodskyi2, Bohdan Sheludchenko3
1Department of Mechanical, Energy and Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, Studentų Str. 15, Akademija, Kaunas, LT-53362, Lithuania.
Scientific reports
|January 2, 2025
概括
更宽的拖拉机轮胎通过更均地分配负载来减少土壤紧缩,特别是在较浅的深度. 这项研究开发了一种模拟模型,以评估机械对土壤结构和作物产量的影响.
科学领域:
- 农业工程 农业工程
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
背景情况:
- 农业机械,特别是拖拉机造成的土壤紧缩,会对土壤结构,物理特性和作物产量产生负面影响.
- 了解拖拉机车轮与土壤相互作用的影响对于可持续农业实践至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究拖拉机轮胎宽度和压力对土壤紧缩的影响.
- 适应和验证一个模拟模型,用于预测拖拉机负载下的土壤应力传播.
- 为了评估更宽的轮胎在缓解土壤紧缩方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 使用CLAAS Xerion 5000拖拉机进行了实验,该拖拉机的轮胎宽度和内部压力在沙土土壤上不同.
- 一个开发的模拟模型被调整并用于通过代方法对土壤应力状态的数值确定.
- 分析了不同深度和不同轮胎配置的土壤紧缩和应力传播.
主要成果:
- 在40厘米深以下,土壤紧缩的影响是可以忽略不计的,正常应力平衡.
- 轮胎宽度显著影响紧缩:0.92米宽的轮胎与0.872米宽的轮胎相比,减少了25.4%的土壤紧缩.
- 较宽的轮胎 (0.92米) 与较窄的轮胎 (0.872米) 相比,在20厘米深度下降了18.9%,在30厘米深度下降了5.1%.
- 拖拉机接触应力高达150kPa,使用0.92米轮胎,在土壤结构安全的允许范围内.
结论:
- 开发的模拟模型准确地预测了土壤应力状态,并适合评估农业机械的影响.
- 使用更宽的拖拉机轮胎导致地面压力分布更加公平,从而减少土壤紧缩.
- 这些发现支持使用更宽的轮胎,以减轻农业机械对土壤完整性和生产力的不利影响.
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