大学生的精神分裂特征:与同情心和精神病症状的关联
David Pérez-Ferrara1, Yvonne Flores Medina2, Guillermina Yáñez-Téllez1
1Iztacala Higher Education Faculty, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MEX.
Cureus
|January 3, 2025
概括
精神分裂特征 (ST) 在大学生中非常普遍,并且与精神病症状的增加有关. 共感压力显著预测焦虑,抑郁和痴迷强迫,突出了ST维度中的独特模式.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 精神分裂特征 (ST) 与发展焦虑和抑郁等精神疾病的风险更高有关.
- 现有的研究表明,同情心和精神分裂性之间存在不同的关系.
- 了解这些联系对于心理健康干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在大学生人群中确定精神分裂特征 (ST) 的流行率.
- 在这个人口群体中调查ST,精神病症状和同理心之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 采用了横截式相关联研究设计.
- 参与者 (N=70) 通过半结构面试,奥维多精神分裂症问卷,症状检查清单-90-修订 (SCL-90-R) 和认知和情感同情测试进行了评估.
主要成果:
- 发现ST的患病率很高 (85.8%),现实扭曲 (30%),负面维度 (47%) 和人际失调 (70%) 的显着率.
- ST尺寸与几个SCL-90-R子尺度正相关. 共感压力与强迫性痴迷,焦虑和抑郁症正相关.
- ST解释了强迫症 (41.8%),抑郁症 (33%) 和焦虑症 (27.2%) 的显著差异. 共感压力预测了这些症状,而精神症状则调解了共感压力对特定ST维度的影响.
结论:
- 在ST维度与精神病症状和同理心的关系中存在不同的模式.
- 研究结果表明,针对同情心的干预措施可能对具有精神分裂特征的学生有益.
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