在地中海地区生产的手工奶酪微生物组合的比较分析
Valentina Indio1, Ursula Gonzales-Barron2, Chiara Oliveri1
1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
Italian journal of food safety
|January 3, 2025
概括
来自地中海的手工奶酪揭示了多样化的微生物组. 乳酸细菌与食源性病原体有负相关性,特别是在用未经巴氏化奶制成的奶酪中.
科学领域:
- 食品微生物学 食品微生物学
- 微生物组分析
- 食品安全 食品安全
背景情况:
- 工艺奶酪是具有独特微生物群落的传统食品.
- 了解地中海手工奶酪的微生物群对于食品安全至关重要.
- 在PRIMA项目ArtiSaneFood中,研究了这些产品中的微生物参数.
研究的目的:
- 来自意大利,葡萄牙,西班牙和摩洛哥的四种手工奶酪的微生物组进行比较.
- 为了确定分类组合,并检测食物传播的病原体,毒性和抗菌素耐药性基因.
- 为了研究乳酸细菌和致病性细菌之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 选择了来自意大利,葡萄牙,西班牙和摩洛哥的四个手工奶酪样本.
- 微生物组分析侧重于分类学组成.
- 检测食物传播的病原体,毒性因子和抗菌素耐药性基因.
主要成果:
- 主导的属性因国家而异:乳球菌,链球菌,乳球菌 (葡萄牙,西班牙);链球菌 (意大利);Enterococcus,Klebsiella,Escherichia,Citrobacter (摩洛哥).
- 在乳酸细菌 (Lactococcus,Lactobacillus,Streptococcus,Leuconostoc) 和致病性属 (Escherichia,Salmonella) 之间发现了负相关性.
- 来自自自发发酵的未经巴氏化牛奶的奶酪显示出更高水平的潜在人类健康风险决定因素.
结论:
- 工艺奶酪微生物群是国家特有的,受到牛奶来源和发酵的影响.
- 乳酸细菌可能对某些食物传播的病原体起着保护作用.
- 由于潜在的病原体存在,未经巴氏消毒的手工奶酪需要仔细监测食品安全.
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