概括
在2023年,超过24%的成年人经历了慢性疼痛,在美国印第安人/阿拉斯加土著人和那些在较少城市地区的人群中,疼痛率更高. 高冲击性慢性疼痛影响了8.5%的成年人.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 慢性疼痛影响了相当一部分成年人群,影响了他们的生活质量.
- 了解慢性疼痛的患病率和人口分布对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
- 高影响性慢性疼痛是一种严重的负担,需要有针对性的研究和支持.
研究的目的:
- 提出2023年美国成年人慢性疼痛和高影响性慢性疼痛的最新流行率估计.
- 根据主要的人口特征研究慢性疼痛的分布.
- 分析慢性疼痛患病率与城市化程度之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用了2023年国家卫生访谈调查 (NHIS) 的数据.
- 采用SAS可调用的SUDAAN软件进行分析,对NHIS复杂样本设计进行核算.
- 使用双面显著性测试 (p<0.05) 评估差异,并评估 orthogonal 多项式的趋势.
主要成果:
- 2023年,24.3%的成年人报告慢性疼痛,8.5%的成年人报告在过去3个月内出现高影响性慢性疼痛.
- 与亚洲 (11.8%) 和西班牙裔 (17.1%) 成年人相比,美国印第安人/阿拉斯加本土非西班牙裔成年人患慢性疼痛的患病率明显高 (30.7%).
- 慢性疼痛和高影响性慢性疼痛的患病率随着城市化水平的下降而增加.
结论:
- 慢性疼痛在美国成年人群中仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题.
- 慢性疼痛患病率在种族/族群之间存在差异,并与城市化等社会经济因素有关.
- 研究结果强调需要有针对性的策略来解决慢性疼痛,特别是在弱势群体和农村地区.
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