在纽约市,街道建设项目与社区暴力之间的关联
Brady Bushover1, Andrew Kim1, Christina A Mehranbod1
1Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
概括
纽约市的街道建设项目与社区暴力的减少有关,包括抢劫和武器犯罪的减少. 这表明,城市公共空间的维护可以作为提高公共安全的策略.
科学领域:
- 城市犯罪学 城市犯罪学
- 环境犯罪学环境犯罪学
- 公共卫生干预 公共卫生干预
背景情况:
- 社区暴力在美国是一个重要的公共卫生问题,导致大量伤害和死亡.
- 以前的研究表明,城市私人空间的基于地点的干预措施,如空地整治,可以减少社区暴力.
- 公共空间维护对减少暴力行为的潜在影响仍未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查城市公共场所 (街道建设项目) 的日常维护和维修与社区暴力之间的联系.
- 确定街道建设项目是否与纽约市暴力犯罪事件的减少有关.
主要方法:
- 采用了分阶段采用差异差异分析,检查了2010年至2019年间纽约市的数据.
- 这项研究分析了155280个街区,将已完成的建筑项目与计划但未完成的项目进行比较.
- 社区暴力的代理是向纽约警察局报告的犯罪和暴力事件的数量.
主要成果:
- 街道建设项目与不计后果危害的统计显著下降有关 (ATT = -1.3%).
- 在已完成项目的街区,抢劫事件 (ATT = -3.4%) 显著减少.
- 武器犯罪的减少 (ATT = -1.6%) 也与街道建设项目有关.
结论:
- 城市公共空间的日常维护和维修,例如街道建设项目,显示出与减少社区暴力的显著关联.
- 这些发现表明,街道建设项目可以被视为减少暴力行为的基于地点的干预形式.
- 公共空间管理和基础设施改进可能为提高城市安全和减少犯罪提供一种新的战略.
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