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相关概念视频

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

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Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
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Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
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Nose and Nasal Cavity01:24

Nose and Nasal Cavity

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The nose is composed of an observable exterior segment (external nose) and an internal segment within the skull known as the nasal cavity (internal nose). The external nose, visible on the face, consists of a framework of bone and hyaline cartilage enveloped in skin and muscle and lined with a mucous membrane. This structure is supported by the frontal bone, nasal bones, and maxillary bone and is supplemented by a cartilaginous framework comprising the septal nasal cartilage, lateral nasal...
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Updated: May 7, 2025

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
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过敏性鼻炎中的嗅觉功能障碍

Xinyu Zhang1,2,3, Yian Zhou1,2,3, Zheng Liu4,5,6

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
|January 3, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

嗅觉功能障碍 (OD),通常是由过敏性鼻炎 (AR) 引起的,会损害安全和生活质量. 目前的治疗方法提供有限的缓解,但新的疗法显示改善嗅觉功能的承诺.

关键词:
过敏性鼻炎是一种过敏性鼻炎.炎症 炎症是一种炎症.嗅觉灯泡是一种嗅觉灯泡.嗅觉功能障碍 嗅觉功能障碍治疗方法 治疗方法

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Last Updated: May 7, 2025

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科学领域:

  • 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.

背景情况:

  • 嗅觉功能障碍 (OD) 通过阻碍关键环境线索的检测,显著影响生活质量和安全.
  • 过敏性鼻炎 (AR) 是一种普遍的疾病,经常与嗅觉能力下降有关,影响感官知觉和日常生活.
  • 将AR与OD联系在一起的精确机制仍然不完全理解,这表明有多因素的病因.

研究的目的:

  • 审查AR患者OD的流行病学,潜在机制和诊断方法.
  • 提供当前和新兴的治疗策略的全面概述,以管理二次到AR的OD.

主要方法:

  • 文献综述包括流行病学数据,机理学研究,诊断工具和AR中的OD治疗结果.
  • 对嗅觉评估技术的现有研究进行分析,从基本查到先进的电生理学和成像方法.
  • 评估当前和研究中的治疗干预措施,包括生物药物,嗅觉训练和基于细胞的疗法.

主要成果:

  • 机械设备构成一个重大挑战,影响安全和福祉,AR是常见的贡献因素.
  • 对OD的诊断方法的复杂性各不相同,专门的方法通常保留在研究环境中.
  • 现有的AR诱导的OD治疗方法提供了低于最佳的缓解,突出了创新的治疗策略的需要.

结论:

  • 了解AR诱导的OD的多因素机制对于开发有效干预措施至关重要.
  • 目前在AR中对OD的管理有限,需要进一步研究新型治疗方法.
  • 生物药物和再生医学等新兴疗法有可能在未来改善AR患者的嗅觉功能.