基于骨和牙结构组织的SK 15下的分类学修订
Clément Zanolli1, Jean-Jacques Hublin2, Ottmar Kullmer3
1Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, MCC, PACEA, UMR 5199, Pessac F-33600, France; Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa.
Journal of human evolution
|January 3, 2025
概括
人类下巴SK 15,以前归因于直立人,显示了不同的形态. 几何形态分析表明它属于Paranthropus属,可能是一种新物种,Paranthropus capensis.
科学领域:
- 古人类学古人类学.
- 人类的进化是人类的进化.
- 早期的普莱斯托时代原始人.
背景情况:
- 来自Swartkrans成员2 (∼1.4 Ma) 的人类下SK 15具有不确定的分类学归属性,之前的分配包括Telanthropus capensis,Homo erectus/ergaster和澳大利亚白.
- 以前的说法表明SK 15与Homo naledi下和牙形态之间存在相似之处,进一步复杂化了其分类.
- 该标本的低和厚体,即使与其他早期的Homo相比,也需要详细的调查.
研究的目的:
- 为了澄清人类下SK 15的分类学地位.
- 用先进的成像和形态测量技术研究骨和牙的结构组织.
- 将SK 15的形态与已知的人类物种进行比较,特别是人类和人类类.
主要方法:
- 使用X射线微观断层扫描来检查骨和牙的结构组织.
- 对牙门形状,下交接线轮和M2和M3牙-牙结形进行了几何形态分析.
- 使用统计分类来比较SK 15的形态与已确定的人类变异.
主要成果:
- mandibular symphysis 形状分析显示出一个澳大利亚罗皮特信号.
- 牙科门廊和牙-牙结合分析统计学上将SK 15归类为Paranthropus.
- SK 15不属于Homo erectus/ergaster的变异,并且与Paranthropus robustus有很大的不同,这表明它是一个不同的Paranthropus物种.
结论:
- 结果强烈表明,SK 15不是直立人,但与帕兰类的形态最相容.
- 建议暂时归因于帕兰特罗普斯·卡斯 (Paranthropus capensis),代表一个更优雅的帕兰特罗普斯物种.
- 这一发现暗示了在普莱斯托时代早期南非存在另一种Paranthropus物种,影响了我们对人类多样性的理解.
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