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单个等位基因的变异驱动了米子物种之间对高CO2的不同产量反应

Yunlong Liu^1,2,3, Siyu Zhang^1,2, Haoyu Qian^2,3

¹State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.

Nature communications

|January 3, 2025

概括

一个关键的水基因,DULL NITROGEN RESPONSE1 (DNR1),解释了为什么在高CO2的条件下,印加大米的产量比日本大米的产量更多. 修改DNR1可以促进日本大米的生产,帮助粮食安全.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
植物生物学植物生物学
遗传学遗传学是一个

背景情况:

大气中的二氧化碳增加会影响作物产量,但对米子物种的反应不同.
在二氧化碳升高的情况下,印加大米的产量通常比日本大米的产量增加更大.
这种差异性反应的潜在分子机制尚未得到充分理解.

研究的目的:

研究印加大米和日本大米对二氧化碳升高的不同反应的分子基础.
在不断变化的大气条件下,确定影响大米产量的遗传因素.

主要方法:

在印加大米和日本大米之间对DULL NITROGEN RESPONSE1 (DNR1) 等位基因的比较分析.
在具有不同DNR1等位基因的植物中,在高CO2条件下评估米产量反应.
检查与DNR1功能相关的基因转录和蛋白质丰度.

主要成果:

DNR1等位基因的变异在很大程度上解释了对高CO2的差异性产量反应.
印加型DNR1等位基因导致收益率增加22.8-32.3%,而日本型等位基因仅产生3.6-11.1%.
印加型的DNR1等位基因显示DNR1活性下降,增强酸盐同化和植物在高CO2下生长.

结论:

印加DNR1等位基因是印加大米对高CO2的增强产量反应的关键因素.
准DNR1提供了一种育种策略,以提高日本大米的产量和酸盐的吸收.
这项研究为通过改善水种植来加强全球粮食安全提供了一条途径.

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