与肥胖相关的记忆障碍和神经炎症在老老鼠中的广泛的外周干扰之前
Michael J Butler1, Stephanie M Muscat1,2, Maria Elisa Caetano-Silva3
1Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Immunity & ageing : I & A
|January 3, 2025
概括
高脂肪饮食迅速损害记忆力,并通过脑炎症增加老年老鼠的焦虑,独立于周围代谢变化. 肠道微生物组的变化发生较晚,特别是在长期的高脂肪饮食消费中.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 代谢健康 代谢健康
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
背景情况:
- 肥胖和代谢综合征与与年龄相关的认知能力下降有关.
- 高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 迅速诱导神经炎症并损害记忆力.
- HFD对肠道微生物群的影响及其与衰老的相互作用尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究短期 (3天) 和长期 (3个月) HFD对年轻和老老鼠的记忆,焦虑,中心/外围炎症和肠道微生物群的影响.
- 为了确定HFD诱导的变化是快速和脑特异性的还是以后发展的,带有外围代谢变化.
- 探索饮食,衰老和肠道微生物组组成之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 给老鼠 (年轻和老) 提供标准饮食或HFD饮食3天或3个月.
- 行为测试评估了记忆功能和类似焦虑的行为.
- 炎症标志物 (细胞因子) 在海马体,杏仁体,结肠和内脏脂肪组织中被测量.
- 使用测序技术分析了肠道微生物组的组成.
主要成果:
- 无论是短期还是长期的HFD,老老鼠的记忆力受损,焦虑增加,但年轻的老鼠没有.
- 在这两个时间点,HFD在老老鼠中诱导神经炎症.
- 周围炎症和代谢变化 (葡萄糖,胰岛素) 仅在长期HFD后在两个年龄组中观察到.
- 微妙的,快速的肠道微生物组变化发生在HFD,但显著的年龄特异性影响只有在长期HFD后才出现.
结论:
- 由HFD引起的神经炎症,记忆力缺陷和衰老中的焦虑比与饮食引起的肥胖相关的周围代谢变化更快.
- 大脑变化似乎是HFD的快速和明显的后果,与系统代谢适应分开.
- 长期的HFD加剧了特定于年龄的肠道微生物组变化.
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