功能训练对运动员体育和技术表现的影响:系统性审查和叙事综合
Wensheng Xiao1,2, Te Bu1, Junlong Zhang3
1College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation
|January 3, 2025
概括
功能训练显著提高了运动员的身体和技术表现. 然而,结果各不相同,一些研究显示与常规训练相比没有显著差异.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 竞技表现 运动表现
背景情况:
- 功能训练被认为对运动员的身体和技术能力有好处.
- 此前还没有对功能训练对运动表现的影响进行全面的系统审查.
- 这项研究综合了现有的文献,以评估功能训练对运动员的影响.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估功能训练对运动员身体和技术表现的影响.
- 综合当前关于功能训练在运动群体中的有效性的证据.
- 为了未来的研究,识别现有知识的空白.
主要方法:
- 在2023年11月15日,在五个数据库 (Web of Science,CINAHL PLUS,PubMed,Scopus,SPORTDiscus) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 纳入标准遵循PICOS方法:运动员,功能训练计划,活跃对照组,身体/技术性能测量和随机对照研究.
- 使用物理治疗证据数据库 (Pedro) 尺度评估方法质量;审查遵循PRISMA指南,并在PROSPERO注册.
主要成果:
- 在2011年至2023年期间发表的,涉及来自12个国家的819名运动员的28项研究符合纳入标准.
- 佩德罗的平均分数为5.57,表明质量中等. 研究涵盖了14项体育运动,其中22项专注于体育表现,11项专注于技术表现.
- 在大多数研究中,功能训练显著改善了身体和技术表现,尽管有些研究没有发现群体之间的显著差异.
结论:
- 功能训练是提高运动员身体和技术表现的有效方法.
- 观察到的结果变化可能源于训练时间,运动员的经验和计划的具体情况.
- 未来的研究应该探索各种运动,功能训练类型和持续时间,以完善证据基础.
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