关于女性绝育的知情同意和伦理问题 - 范围审查
Sharol Malekobane Maila1, Camille Castelyn2,3, Sumaiya Adam1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
概括
对女性绝育的知情同意仍然是一个全球性的伦理挑战,脆弱的妇女不成比例地经历强迫手术. 迫切需要标准化的同意工具来保护生殖自主权并防止不道德的做法.
科学领域:
- 生殖健康伦理学 生殖健康伦理学
- 全球公共卫生 全球公共卫生
- 妇女在医疗保健中的权利
背景情况:
- 女性绝育是一种永久避孕方法,由于缺乏充分知情同意,女性绝育的历史被强制性手术所玷污.
- 在同意过程中,伦理原则经常被忽视,导致对妇女生殖自主权的重大担忧.
- 过去的强迫绝育事件凸显了确保自愿和知情决策的系统性失败.
研究的目的:
- 进行范围审查,确定女性绝育知情同意过程中的伦理挑战.
- 在知情同意的背景下,专门研究强迫绝育的实例和促成因素.
- 综合现有的关于伦理问题的文献和改善同意程序的建议.
主要方法:
- 从2000年到2021年,在多个数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,科学网,谷歌学者,ProQuest Central) 中进行全面的电子文献搜索.
- 纳入标准侧重于女性绝育的知情同意,精神能力强大的成年妇女的强制/强制绝育.
- 由独立审查员进行两阶段选,使用预定义工具提取数据,并分析伦理问题和建议.
主要成果:
- 弱势群体,特别是那些依赖国家医疗保健的人群,面临强制绝育的风险更高.
- 报告的病例包括未经同意,强迫,镇静或通过诱导进行绝育.
- 国际建议存在,但缺乏标准化工具,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家;美国的同意表需要修订.
结论:
- 在女性绝育知情同意方面存在持续的全球道德挑战,不成比例地影响弱势女性.
- 迫切需要开发和实施标准化,定期审查的同意工具,以维护妇女的自主权.
- 专注于改善低收入和中等收入国家的同意程序,对于防止不道德的绝育做法至关重要.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:30Psychosurgery
44
Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...
44
01:56Ethics in Research
22.9K
Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
22.9K
01:27Ethical Issues
846
Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
846
01:27Nurses' Legal Responsibilities I
706
In healthcare, informed consent is a crucial process that involves thoroughly communicating medical treatment options to patients, including benefits, risks, potential side effects, and alternatives. This process enables patients to make well-informed decisions about their care, ensuring they understand the implications of their choices before consenting to or refusing treatment.
The legal responsibilities of a nurse regarding informed consent include the following:
The legal responsibilities of a nurse regarding informed consent include the following:
706
01:17Ethical Dilemmas I
829
Ethical dilemmas in nursing are of utmost importance, as they often arise from the tension between adhering to core ethical principles and the practical realities of healthcare delivery. These dilemmas require nurses to navigate complex situations where competing ethical considerations pull them in different directions.
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
829
01:27Nursing Ethical Principles II
917
Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's...
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
Initially, Mr. John's...
917