检查在经济评估中估计生产力损失的方法:使用食源性疾病作为案例研究
Kathleen Manipis1, Paula Cronin2, Deborah Street2
1Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia. kathleen.manipis@uts.edu.au.
PharmacoEconomics
|January 4, 2025
概括
食品传播疾病产能损失的估值方法对成本效益的发现有很大影响. 包括生产力成本在内降低了增量成本效益比率,影响了政策决策.
科学领域:
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 成本效益分析通常采用人力资本方法 (HCA) 和摩擦成本方法 (FCA) 来评估生产力损失.
- 支付意愿 (WTP) 是一种不太常见的方法,用于估计个人对避免疾病的价值.
- 食物传播疾病 (FBI) 造成的生产力损失是经济上的重大负担,影响了工作日和效率.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较不同生产力损失估值方法在经济评估中对坎皮洛巴克特诱导的假设干预的影响. FBI.
- 从医疗保健系统,员工和雇主的角度检查成本效益.
主要方法:
- 一个10年的马尔科夫模型被开发来评估FBI的病率和生产力影响.
- 定义了四种健康状况:健康,急性胃肠炎,间歇性IBS与工作限制,以及IBS与持续工作无能.
- 我们比较了五种估值方法:成本效益分析,HCA,FCA,FCA+WTP带有带薪病假,以及没有带薪病假的WTP.
主要成果:
- 不包括生产力损失,结果是最高的ICER (56,467美元/QALY).
- 包括生产力成本 (HCA,FCA,WTP) 在内,总成本显著增加,但ICERs显著减少.
- HCA的ICER为11,174美元/QALY,FCA为21,136美元/QALY,而WTP的方法从19,661美元/QALY到24,773美元/QALY不等.
结论:
- 不同的生产力损失估值方法对增量成本效益比率 (ICER) 估计有很大影响.
- 分析视角对于对短期和长期生产力损失的核算和估值至关重要.
- 仔细选择和证明估值方法对于经济评估中的明智政策决策至关重要.
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