DOME:来自电子健康记录的定向医疗嵌入载体
Jun Wen1, Hao Xue2, Everett Rush3
1Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.
Journal of biomedical informatics
|January 4, 2025
概括
一个名为DirectiOnal Medical Embedding (DOME) 的新算法使用总结级电子健康记录 (EHR) 数据来捕获医学概念之间的时间关系,从而改善疾病预测和药物疾病推断.
科学领域:
- 生物医学信息学 生物医学信息学
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 翻译研究是翻译研究.
背景情况:
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 系统为翻译研究提供了巨大的潜力.
- 代表性学习和知识图增强了EHR研究,但通常需要患者层面的数据,限制了多机构的使用.
- 使用摘要级数据的现有可扩展方法缺乏时间依赖模型.
研究的目的:
- 引入一个新的算法,指令医疗嵌入 (DOME),用于使用总结级EHR数据编码医疗概念之间的时间关系.
- 解决现有方法的局限性,允许多机构的电子健康记录数据培训,并纳入时间动态.
主要方法:
- DOME将患者级EHR数据汇总成一个不对称的共发生矩阵.
- 它计算了正点方向相互信息 (PPMI) 矩阵,以捕捉医疗概念之间的前后依赖关系.
- 对PPMI矩阵的联合矩阵因子化产生了每个概念的语义和定向上下文嵌入.
主要成果:
- DOME提高了疾病风险预测,在肺癌预测方面,AUROC的相对收益为5.5%.
- 它增强了定向药物疾病关系推断,优于最先进的方法,相对AUROC增益为10.8%和6.6%,用于区分副作用和适应症.
- DOME构建了定向知识图,通过区分风险因素和并发症来揭示疾病进展轨迹.
结论:
- DOME有效地模拟了EHR数据中的时间关系,仅使用总结级信息.
- 该算法在改善疾病风险预测,药物疾病推断和了解疾病进展方面显示出显著的翻译潜力.
- 在生物医学研究中,DOME为利用多机构EHR数据提供了一个有价值的工具.
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