估计 peracetic 酸的时间变化的排放率
Ryan Hines1, Chun-Yu Chen2, Mark Nicas3
1Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
Annals of work exposures and health
|January 5, 2025
概括
透酸 (PAA) 暴露模型通过新的蒸发和衰变速率得到了增强. 这些发现表明PAA是PAA.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 乙酸 (PAA) 是一种广泛使用的消毒剂,但由于成本和干扰,暴露监测具有挑战性.
- 需要对PAA进行准确的暴露建模,以评估各种环境中的风险.
- 现有的模型可能无法完全解释PAA的环境行为.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计PAA的时间变化的质量排放率,用于暴露建模.
- 调查环境因素对PAA蒸发的影响.
- 为了确定PAA在空气中的衰变速率及其半衰期.
主要方法:
- 利用小泄漏模型估计PAA质量排放率.
- 研究的环境变量:表面粗度,通风和风速.
- 进行了受控的室内实验,以测量PAA衰变速率和半衰期.
- 与实时检测仪器测量结果对比验证的模型预测.
主要成果:
- 确定了一个高的PAA蒸发速率常数 (1.18分钟-1),基本上独立于环境条件.
- 确定了PAA在空气中的第一阶衰变速率常数 (0.5h-1),其半衰期为83分钟.
- 模型预测显示与测量PAA度有很好的一致性.
- 在测试条件下确定了PAA过度暴露的重大潜力.
结论:
- 确定的蒸发和衰变速率对于准确的PAA暴露建模至关重要.
- 由于PAA在大气中的半衰期相对较长,因此在暴露评估中需要仔细考虑.
- 当使用PAA作为消毒剂时,有效的暴露控制是必不可少的,以防止过度暴露.
相关概念视频
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In titrating a weak acid with a strong base, different calculation methods are applied at various stages. Initially, the pH of a weak acid like acetic acid is calculated using its dissociation constant (Ka) and an ICE table. Upon addition of a strong base such as sodium hydroxide, a buffer forms, and its pH is determined using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. As more base is added and the titration reaches the halfway point, the pH becomes equal to the pKa of the acid, indicating equal...
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The titration of a weak acid with a strong base results in the formation of water and the conjugate base of the acid. For instance, titrating acetic acid with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of water and sodium acetate. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate constitutes a buffer whose relative concentration at different stages of the titration is indicated by the α values, which represent percentages of the weak acid and its conjugate base.
The α0 and α1 values...
The α0 and α1 values...
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Calculating pH for Titration Solutions: Weak Acid/Strong Base
For the titration of 25.00 mL of 0.100 M CH3CO2H with 0.100 M NaOH, the reaction can be represented as:
For the titration of 25.00 mL of 0.100 M CH3CO2H with 0.100 M NaOH, the reaction can be represented as:
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Titration of a Weak Acid with a Weak Base
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Weak acids and bases do not undergo dissociation completely, and titrations between these two are rarely studied. When such studies are performed, say, for the titration of a weak acid with a weak base, the titration curve plots the change in pH as a function of the volume of base added. Take the titration of acetic acid with ammonia, for instance. During the titration, these two species form ammonium acetate and water, but the pH change is slow and gradual.
As a result, there is no simple...
As a result, there is no simple...
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Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
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