气质与自我导向,他人导向和双重有害行为之间的联系在新兴成年人中
Serafine Dierickx1,2, Dirk Smits1,3, Glenn Kiekens1,4,5
1Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Psychologica Belgica
|January 6, 2025
概括
气会影响成年人的有害行为. 特定的气质特征区分非自杀自伤 (NSSI),侵略和双重伤害行为,为临床干预提供信息.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
背景情况:
- 自我和其他导向的有害行为,包括非自杀性自伤 (NSSI) 和侵略,在新兴的成年人中很普遍.
- 参与自我和他人导向的行为 (双重伤害) 的人面临更严重的不良结果.
- 气质特征,包括反应性和调节性,被认为是这些行为背后的跨诊断因素.
研究的目的:
- 研究气质特征作为不同有害行为群体的差异化因素:无伤害,只有NSSI,只有侵略和双重伤害.
- 检查这四个群体中气质特征的双对差异.
- 了解气质在以自我为导向,以他人为导向和双重有害行为的表现中的作用.
主要方法:
- 研究参与者包括669名新兴成年人 (69.36%是女性,平均年龄=21.48岁).
- 评估了气质特征,包括反应性 (行为抑制系统 - BIS,行为激活系统 - BAS-冲动性) 和调节性 (努力控制 - EC) 方面.
- 参与者根据参与NSSI,侵略性,两者或两者都不是,被分为四组.
主要成果:
- 只有NSSI的组显示过度反应的BIS和低反应的BAS-冲动性,与没有伤害和仅攻击的组相比.
- 与没有伤害和NSSI组相比,仅攻击组表现出低反应性BIS和高反应性BAS-冲动性.
- 双重伤害组表现出低反应性EC (vs. 仅NSSI) 和高反应性BIS和BAS冲动性 (vs. 仅攻击性和无伤害组).
结论:
- 气质特征可以根据个人参与NSSI,侵略或双重伤害行为来显著区分个人.
- BIS,BAS-冲动性和EC的特定模式与明显的有害行为轨迹有关.
- 这些发现强调了将气质特征评估纳入研究和对有害行为的临床干预的重要性.
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